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Aerobic Respiration
Respiration that occurs with oxygen, producing more energy over a longer period.
Anaerobic Respiration
Respiration that occurs without oxygen, producing less energy but faster, useful for intense activity.
Stomata
Small pores on the surface of plant leaves that allow gas exchange and release water vapor.
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants make their own food using sunlight, converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
Function of Skeleton
Provides structure and support, protects vital organs, aids in movement, and produces red blood cells in bone marrow.
Bone Marrow
A soft tissue found inside bones that produces red blood cells, which carry oxygen to the body.
Tendons
Connect muscles to bones.
Ligaments
Connect bones to other bones and provide stability.
Chloroplasts
Organelles in plant cells containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
Antagonistic Pairs
Muscles that work in pairs; when one contracts, the other relaxes, such as biceps and triceps.
Mitochondria
The powerhouses of the cell, producing energy (ATP) through aerobic respiration.
Lactic Acid
Produced during anaerobic respiration; causes muscle fatigue and soreness.
Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells
Plant cells have chloroplasts and a cell wall, while animal cells have no chloroplasts and only a cell membrane.
