effects ww1

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65 Terms

1
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turkey sultanate collapse

1922, Mustapha Kemal authoritarian regime

2
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Quote about what TOV meant to Germany

"failed to weaken Germany, but rather left it scourged, humiliated and resentful" - Anthony Lentin

3
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Quote about harshness TOV historian

"relatively lenient" - Niall Ferguson

4
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Quote about harshness TOV PM

"stern but lenient" - Lloyd George

5
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Quote financial issue TOV

"The shifting by the victors of their unbearable financial burden onto the shoulders of the defeated" - John Maynard Keynes

6
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Quote how Germans felt apt TOV

"The German army was stabbed in the back" - Field Marshall Paul von Hindenburg

7
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Quote Woodrows intentions for TOV

"To make the world safe for democracy" - Woodrow Wilson

8
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Quote Clemenceau abt Wilsons list

"Even God only needed ten points"

9
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Allied observer TOV quote

"There was a veritable race between peace and anarchy"

10
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Soldiers killed

9M, 15%

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Lost Generation in France

20% between 20-40

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Deaths SFE 1919-1920

20M

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War cost GB

£34B

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USA lent

$2000M

15
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British shipping sunk by uboots

40%

16
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France lost farmland

2M ha

17
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mutiny germany

sailors in Kiel, triggering more revolts, Bavaria = independant socialist republic

18
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kaiser abdication

9th Nov 1918

19
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Use replacing Germany

Leading producer of dye, fertiliser, chemical products

20
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USA home concerns

Flu epidemic, racial tensions--> 25 city riots, fear of communism

21
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Japan exports

tripled

22
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PM italy

Vittorio Orlando

23
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Wilson points

Speech to congress 8 Jan 1918, 14 points

24
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Japan & Italy wishes

maximise wartime gains, Japan = racial equality clause

25
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germany internal enemies

jews, socialists, communists

26
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# clauses TOV

440

27
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Germany retained arms

100k men, 6 battleships, no tanks/armed cars

28
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Where German navy sank boats

Scapa Flow, Scotland

29
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how much did victorious eu powers disarm

not at all

30
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territorial problems

germans governed by non germans, 3.5M Austrians in Sudetenland given to Czechoslovakia for resources

31
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% territory loss germany

13.5%

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% loss economic productivity

13%

33
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amt per year needed to pay reparations

7.2% of national income from 1925-1929

34
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y didn't they pay reparations

as protest against the peace settlement

35
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france secure reparations payment

invasion Ruhr 1923, other countries accused them of bullying germany

36
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Area AUT

25% of prewar

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Area HUN

25% of prewar

38
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Population AUT

20% of prewar

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AUT army

30K

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Yugoslavia nationalities

at least 12

41
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aut and hun Econ collapse

1922

42
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landed aristocracy power loss

military less impactful, no more monarchy

43
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Quote what the ppl of GB and FRA wanted from TOV

"Squeeze the German lemon until the pips squeak"

44
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Quote Lloyd George art what a harsh TOV will do

"Injustice and arrogance displayed in the hour of triumph will never be forgotten or forgiven" - Lloyd George

45
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Quote political consequences

"The war led to a triumph of republicanism unheard of even in the 1790s" Niall Ferguson

46
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Veterans in UK minus 1 limb

41k

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GB&FRA public expenditure towards repaying debt

1/3-1/2

48
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economic crisis 1919 made up of

decline in manufacturing output, loss of trade & foreign investment

49
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Karl I abdication

Nov 1918 --> republic declared

50
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what Russia did post war

encourage growth of socialist politics

51
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Clemenceau wishes

heavy economic and territorial sanctions, disarmament policies and reparations

52
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Lloyd George wishes

less severe settlemetn,

53
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Neutral zone

10kms to east of the Rhine

54
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French occupation

15 years occupy west Rhine

55
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press role

closely reported on TOV negotiations, pressure on politicians to keep voters happy

56
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# clauses LON

26

57
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reparations sum

6,6 M, Interallied reparations committee 1921

58
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guilt clause effect

helped hitler to power

59
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evidence that reparations to high for Germany to recover

hyper inflation of 1920s

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% population loss germany

10%

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nickname AUT

tadpole state

62
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russia lon date

1934

63
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Little Entente

Czechoslovakia, Romania, Yugoslavia against revision of treaty, supported by France

64
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GB social legislation

Housing Act 1918= subsidies building houses, Unemployment insurance act 1920&21

65
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Women right to vote

Russia 1917, AUT GB 1918