20. Sounds production. Speech function. Importance of the prosthetic treatment for the speech function.

whats in it

speech articulation

what are the components of speech

speech aid prosthesis

types of sounds (5)

parts of dentures that affect speech

patient complaints

speech articuation

Articulation:

- is the speech, the pronunciation of words and sentences

Speech articulation: [speech function]

• -  the production of individual sounds in connected discourse

• -  the movement and placement during speech of the organs that serve to interrupt or

  modify the voiced or unvoiced air stream into meaningful sounds

• -  the speech function performed largely through the movements of the lower jaw, lips,

  tongue, and soft palate

componeents

•  respiration

• -  audition

• -  neurologic integration (speech production is coordinated by CNS)

• -  articulation (sound that is transformed into meaningful words which is aided by

  tongue, lips, palate, teeth, and mandible)

• -  resonation (modification of sound in the pharynx, oral cavity, nasal cavity, and

  paranasal sinuses)

• -  phonation (air from lungs travels through trachea which vibrates vocal cords in the

  larynx)

RANARP

speech aid prosthesis

• -  a removable maxillofacial prosthesis used to restore an acquired or congenital defect

  of the soft palate with a portion extending into the pharynx to separate the oropharynx and the nasopharynx during phonation and deglutition, thereby completing the palatopharyngeal sphincter.

• -  Various types of sounds are produced by the oral cavity with the help and coordination of several party of the oral cavity like tongue, lips, teeth, palate which work in coordination to produce the sounds.

• -  The Sounds are very important in the fabrication of compete denture which helps in determining the collect vertical dimension, labial and lingual inclination of the teeth, deep bite and open bite.

bilabial sounds

„B, P, M“. Is produced when upper and lower lips meet, and air pressure is built up behind the lips which releases with or without a voice sound.

Labiolingual position of anterior teeth and thickness of the labial flange of thie prosthesis needs to be accurate in order to allow for this type of speech

incorrect vertical dimension can also stop proper lip closure therefore disturpt this sound

labiodental

„F, V, 5, and Ph“. when the upper incisors and the posterior one third of the lower lip meet.

position of both upper and lower teeth affects labio-dental sounds.
If the upper Teeth are too long, the „F“ sounds will be like „V“- if they are too short opposite. (v = f)

linguodental

- -

- -

Dental sounds (e.g., Th) are made with the tip of the tongue extending slightly between the upper and lower anterior teeth.
This sound is actually made closer to the alveolus (the ridge) than to the tip.

if teeth are too far forward = lipsy

if teeth are too far lingual = whistle

4. Linguoalveolar Sounds:

- -

Alveolar sounds are made with the valve formed by contact of the tip of the tongue with the most anterior part of the palate (the alveolus) or the lingual sides of the anterior teeth.
The sibilants (sharp sounds) s, z, sh, ch, and j are alveolar sounds.

if 3mm of tongue isn’t visible anterior teeth are too far forward

if more than 6mm of tongue is visible, teeth are too lingual

s sound: teeth and palatal part of maxillary prosthesis

difference in size of teeth, palate, tongue etc can cause articulatory variation

tongue against alveolus, small air space for air to escape - size of space determines quality of sound

IF THERE IS TOO MUCH OVERLAP WITH INCISORS, S SOUND IS BLOCKED, IF TOO LITTLE OVERLAP, WHISTLE SOUND

linguoVELAR sounds

palatal sounds - ‘year’ ‘onion’ - dont cause problems for dentures

velar sounds liek ‘g’ ‘ng’ ‘k’ doesnt affect dentures UNLESS posterior palatal seal extension interferes with soft palate

factors in dentures affecting speach

• Occlusal Plane:

  • If the occlusal plane is too high or low, it hampers labiodental sounds ('f', 'v') and lip positioning.

• Anteroposterior Position of Teeth:

  • Incorrect positioning of upper and lower anterior teeth hampers consonant sounds like 'f' and 'v'.

• Too far posteriorly:

  • Loss of ‘f’/‘v’ contact point—makes them sound like ‘b’ or ‘v’.

  • Too far anteriorly:

    • Distortion of labiodental sounds ('f' becomes muffled).

• Post-Dam Area:

  • Thick post-dam areas affect palatolingual sounds ('k', 'g', 'ng') and may cause discomfort or nausea during speech.

• Width of Dental Arch:

  • A narrow arch can restrict tongue movement, impacting the articulation of consonants like 's', 't', 'n'.

• Relationship of Upper and Lower Incisors:

  • Correct positioning of incisors is crucial for producing clear 's', 'ch', and 'z' sounds.

OATPWR!

occlusal plane

• if its too high, postition of lower lip is difficult so f and v sounds are offected. if its too low, theres overlap of lower lip and upper lip

• anteroposterior positioning of teeth - f and v sounds are hampered - if teeth are too far forward (protrusive), it can cause lisps or difficulty saying "f" and "v" sounds.

• If teeth are too far back, it can make sounds like "s," "z," "th," or even "t" and "d" less clear or slurred.

• post dam area - if its too thick, irritates dorsum of the tongue - patient can feel nausea while talking or making ‘k’ ‘n’g’ sounds

• width of dental arch - if its too narrow, air channel is affeted ‘s’t’ etc

• relationship between upper/ lower incisor → s/ch/``````z sound - contact between them so a certian amount of air stream can pass through

patient complaints

whistle on s = too narrow space in ant palate

lisp on s = too broad space - cause ppl with lisps are thick in the head

th and t indisinct = inadequate interocclusal distace

t sounds like th = upper anterior teeth too lingual

f and v indistinct = improper position of anterior teeth vertically