1 - Introduction to Hospital Pharmacy

• Governing authority

  • CEO (Chief executive officer)

  • COO (Chief operating officer)

  • CFO (Chief financial officers)

• Organized medical staff (departmentalized)

• Nursing services

• Pharmacy services

• Medical records (updated, accurate , complete)

• Food service (nutrition and dietary service)

• > inpatient beds (24 hr)

Hospital Requirements according to American Hospital Association [7]

• Patient care

• Wellness / Public Health

• Education

• Research

📌Mnemonic: PWER

Functions of Hospital [4]

c. Patient Care

[Functions of Hospital]

Function of a hospital involving diagnosis, treatment, and convalescent care (recovery)
a. Wellness or Public Health
b. Education
c. Patient Care
d. Research

b. Wellness or Public Health

[Functions of Hospital]

Function of a hospital involving prevention of illness
a. Patient Care
b. Wellness or Public Health
c. Education
d. Research

d. Education

[Functions of Hospital]

Function of a hospital involving internship and residency
a. Research
b. Wellness or Public Health
c. Patient Care
d. Education

c. Research

[Functions of Hospital]

Function of a hospital involving clinical trials
a. Education
b. Patient Care
c. Research
d. Wellness or Public Health

• Primordial

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

Levels of Prevention [4]

c. Primordial

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention targeting:

• No risk factors

• Reduce risk factors through policies and legislation
  

a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Primordial
d. Tertiary

b. Sugar tax, sin tax, walkable cities

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention example for DM under primordial prevention

a. Exercise, diet modification
b. Sugar tax, sin tax, walkable cities
c. Early screening, family history @ 25 yo
d. Treatment, adherence, referrals

a. Primordial
b. Primary

Level of prevention that is:

• Individualized

• Targeting w/ risk factors

• Reducing incidence of disease
  

a. Primordial
b. Primary
c. Secondary
d. Tertiary

d. Primary

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention involving:

• Vaccination

• Lifestyle modification
  

a. Secondary
b. Tertiary
c. Primordial
d. Primary

b. Exercise, diet modification

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention example for DM under primary prevention
a. Sugar tax, sin tax, walkable cities
b. Exercise, diet modification
c. Early screening, family history @ 25 yo
d. Treatment, adherence, referrals

c. Secondary

[Levels of Prevention]

• Targeting disease

• Reducing symptoms
  

a. Primordial
b. Primary
c. Secondary
d. Tertiary

b. Secondary

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention involving:

• Screening

• Early treatment
  

a. Primordial
b. Secondary
c. Primary
d. Tertiary

c. Early screening, family history @ 25 yo

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention example for DM under secondary prevention
a. Exercise, diet modification
b. Sugar tax, sin tax, walkable cities
c. Early screening, family history @ 25 yo
d. Treatment, adherence, referrals

d. Tertiary

[Levels of Prevention]

• Targets symptomatic cases

• Reduces complications
  

a. Secondary
b. Primordial
c. Primary
d. Tertiary

d. Tertiary

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention involving:

• Treatment

• Adherence

• Referrals
  

a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Primordial
d. Tertiary

d. Treatment, adherence, referrals

[Levels of Prevention]

Level of prevention example for DM under tertiary prevention
a. Sugar tax, sin tax, walkable cities
b. Exercise, diet modification
c. Early screening, family history @ 25 yo
d. Treatment, adherence, referrals

b. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

[Levels of Prevention]

Causative agent of cervical cancer

a. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

b. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

c. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

d. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

b. Primordial

[Levels of Prevention]

Sex education as a preventive measure for cervical CA (HPV)
a. Secondary

b. Primordial

c. Tertiary

d. Primary

b. Primordial

[Levels of Prevention]

RH Law (condoms) as a preventive measure for cervical CA (HPV)

a. Secondary

b. Primordial

c. Tertiary

d. Primary

c. Tertiary

[Levels of Prevention]

HPV vaccine as a preventive measure for cervical CA (HPV)
a. Secondary

b. Primordial

c. Tertiary

d. Primary

d. Secondary

[Levels of Prevention]

Pap smear as a preventive measure for cervical CA (HPV)
a. Tertiary
b. Primary
c. Primordial
d. Secondary

c. Tertiary

[Levels of Prevention]

Referrals (OB-GYN) as a preventive measure for cervical CA (HPV)
a. Primary
b. Primordial
c. Tertiary
d. Secondary

b. Tertiary

[Levels of Prevention]

Chemo as a preventive measure for cervical CA (HPV)
a. Secondary
b. Tertiary
c. Primordial
d. Primary

• Public / Government

• Private / Non-Government

Classification of Hospital by Ownership [2]

[Classification of Hospital by Ownership]

Created by law (RA)

a. Public / Government

b. Private / Non-Government

[Classification of Hospital by Ownership]

Created by law (National RA)

a. Public / Government

b. Private / Non-Government

[Classification of Hospital by Ownership]

Under government agencies:

• DOH (e.g East Ave, Lung center, Heart center)

• LGUs (e.g Ospital ng Maynila)

• SUCs (e.g UP PGH)

a. Public / Government

b. Private / Non-Government

b. Private / Non-Government

[Classification of Hospital by Ownership]

Usually for profit

a. Public / Government

b. Private / Non-Government

• General hospital

• Specialty hospital

Classification of Hospital by Scope of Service [2]

a. General hospital

[Classification of Hospital by Scope of Service]

Caters to all kinds of patients and diseases

a. General hospital

b. Specialty hospital

• St. Luke's Medical Center

• Capitol Medical Center

• Philippine General Hospital (PGH)

[Classification of Hospital by Scope of Service]

Example of General Hospital [3]

b. Specialty hospital

[Classification of Hospital by Scope of Service]

Specializes in certain populations or illnesses

a. General hospital

b. Specialty hospital

• Philippine Heart Center

• Lung Center of the Philippines

• National Kidney and Transplant Institute (NKTI) – located in East Ave

• San Lazaro Hospital – for infectious diseases

• National Center for Mental Health – located in Mandaluyong for psychiatric conditions

• Brain Center of the Philippines – near PGH, still in the making

Example of Specialty Hospital [6]

b. Philippine Children's Medical Center

[Example of Specialty Hospital]

Specialty hospital that caters to patients <19 years old
a. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital
b. Philippine Children's Medical Center
c. Philippine Heart Center
d. NKTI

c. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital

[Example of Specialty Hospital]

Specialty hospital that caters to OB patients
a. Philippine Children's Medical Center
b. San Lazaro Hospital
c. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital
d. NKTI

b. Philippine Heart Center

[Example of Specialty Hospital]

Specialty hospital specializing in heart conditions
a. Lung Center of the Philippines
b. Philippine Heart Center
c. NKTI
d. National Center for Mental Health

c. Lung Center of the Philippines

[Example of Specialty Hospital]

Specialty hospital specializing in lung conditions
a. Philippine Heart Center
b. NKTI
c. Lung Center of the Philippines
d. San Lazaro Hospital

c. San Lazaro Hospital

[Example of Specialty Hospital]

Specialty hospital specializing in infectious diseases
a. National Center for Mental Health
b. National Kidney and Transplant Institute (NKTI)
c. San Lazaro Hospital
d. Philippine Heart Center

b. National Center for Mental Health

[Example of Specialty Hospital]

Specialty hospital located in Mandaluyong specializing in psychiatric conditions
a. San Lazaro Hospital
b. National Center for Mental Health
c. Philippine Heart Center
d. Brain Center of the Philippines

c. Brain Center of the Philippines

[Example of Specialty Hospital]

Specialty hospital located near PGH specializing in Brain and neurological conditions
a. National Center for Mental Health
b. San Lazaro Hospital
c. Brain Center of the Philippines
d. NKTI