proximal attachments of muscles of trunk

diaphragm

Lumbar part: bodies and intervening intervertebral discs of L1-L3 (via right and left crura), and the medial and lateral arcuate ligaments

Costal part: inner surface of the lower six ribs and their costal cartilages

Sternal part: posterior surface of the xiphoid process of the sternum

external intercostals

lower border of the rib above

internal intercostals

upper border of the rib below

subcostals

upper border of ribs 1-2 levels below

levator costarum

transverse processes of C7-T11

rectus abdominis

xiphoid process of the sternum

costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

external oblique

outer border lower 8 ribs and their costal cartilages

internal oblique

lower border lower 4 ribs and their costal cartilages

transversus abdominis

inner surface of the costal cartilages of lower 6 ribs

pyramidalis

pubic crest

quadratus lumborum

medial half of the lower border of rib 12

transverse processes of L1-L5

psoas major

bodies and intervening intervertebral discs of T12-L4

transverse processes of L1-L5

psoas minor

bodies and intervening intervertebral disc of T12-L1

iliacus

iliac fossa

ala of the sacrum

anterior sacroiliac ligament

Serratus posterior superior

spinous processes of C7-T3

lower part of ligamentum nuchae

Serratus posterior inferior

spinous processes of T11-L2

erector spinae

spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of T11-L5

median and lateral sacral crests

sacrotuberous, sacrococcygeal and posterior sacroiliac ligaments

iliac crest

Iliocostalis lumborum (Iliocostalis)

common origin

Iliocostalis thoracis (Iliocostalis)

angle of lower ribs

Iliocostalis cervicis (Iliocostalis)

angle of upper ribs

Longissimus thoracis

common origin

longissimus cervicis

transverse processes of upper thoracic vertebrae

Longissimus capitis

transverse processes of upper thoracic and middle cervical vertebrae