Public Health and Community Nutrition Final

healthy people 2030

goals update every 10 years

helps to improve the health of all americans

dietary guidelines for americans

evidence-based recommendations for nutrition and physical activity to promote health and prevent disease

population-level data sources

tools used to gather health information on groups and communities to inform public health decisions

cross-sectional study design

exposure and outcome factors are examined at one point in time

observational

cohort study design

examination of exposure factors and outcome development in a group of people over time

observational

case-control study design

a comparison of cases and controls on characteristics of interest

observational

nonrandomized controlled study design

subjects are assigned to an intervention but the method of assignments is not random

experimental

randomized controlled study design

subjects are randomly assigned to an intervention or control

experimental

community nutrition

individual and interpersonal-level interventions that create changes in knowledge, attitudes, behavior and health outcomes among individuals, families or small, targeted groups within a community setting

public health nutrition

application of nutrition and public health principles to design programs, systems, policies, and environments that aims to improve or maintain the optimal health of populations and targeted groups

food security

access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life

food insecurity

household-level economic and social condition of limited or uncertain access to adequate food

hunger

an individual-level physiological condition that may result from food insecurity

high food-security

no reported indications of food-access problems or limitations

marginal food security

one or two reported indications-typically anxiety over food sufficiency or shortage of food in the house; little or no indication of changes in diets or food intake

low food security

reports of reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet; little or no indication of reduced food intake

very low food security

reports of multiple indications of disrupted eating patterns and reduced food intake

high risk factors

poverty

cultural barriers

geographic and social isolation

un/underemployment

housing

limited/inadequate healthcare

inadequate education

food insecurity

USDA

food and nutrition services

• child nutrition programs

• center for nutrition policy and promotion

DHHS

13 division

cdc and prevention

• national center for chronic disease prevention and healthy promotion

food and drug administration

• center for food safety and applied nutrition

• office of food policy and response

social determinants of health

education access and quality

health care access and quality

neighborhood and built environment

social and community context

economic stability

SNAP in general has a _____ or below income level

130%

policy

a course of action chosen by public authorities to address a given problem

public policy

when a policy is created by federal, state, or local government

nutrition policy

a set concerted actions, based on the governmental mandate intended to ensure good health in the population through informed access to safe, healthy, and adequate food

cabinet (executive branch)

USDA

DHHS

how to be a nutrition advocate

get to know your local politicians

engage in groups:

• political action committees (PACs)

• coalitions or alliances

• professional organizations (understand the organization’s priority areas)

there are _____ departments in the executive branch

15

purpose of community needs assessment

to systematically gather health and nutrition information about a population of interest

may include asset mapping where the existing resources are identified along with the needs or deficits

no one way to conduct cna

what triggers a community needs assessment

• mandate from federal, state, or local agency

• interest in learning about the health of a community

• grassroots efforts

• availability of funding

how to plan for a community needs assessment

• identify a diverse community assessment team

• determine a timeline, roles, and responsibilities of each team member

• consider how decisions will be made

how is the community defined

normally geographical but can also include:

• religion

• race

• ethnicity

• economic

• and shared interest

what is the purpose of the needs assessment in nutrition

• identify a group a nutritional risk

• identify the most critical nutrition needs and priorities

• learn abt factors that may impact nutrition status of the community

• understand if existing resources or programs are meeting the community’s nutrition needs

• provide baseline information abt the community

• gain info abt the community to tailor a program

a community needs assessment if not conducted by ______

a single individual

qualitative ways of gathering data

interviews

focus groups

survey’s

observation

interpretation of records or transcripts

quantitative ways of gathering data

databases

registries

surveys

published research studies

how could we collect data abt fruit and veggie intake in a pop that received SNAP benefits for a community needs assessment

24 hour recall

fv screener

BRFSS servey question

food behavior checklist

nutrition-related data can be acquired from _____ but also include collection of primary data sources using quantitative or qualitative methods

systems (ex: NHANES or BRFSS)

SMART

specific

measureable

achievable
relevant
time-bound