6.1 - Aromatic compounds, carbonyls and acids

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Carbonyls and carboxylic acids

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Aldehyde structure

CHO at end of chain (-al)

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Ketone structure

CO in middle of chain (“MIDOL'“=”KETONE'“) (-one)

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Oxidation of aldehydes

Oxidised to carboxylic acids by:
- refluxing with H₂SO₄ + K₂Cr₂O₇ (H⁺ + Cr₂O₇^2-) [acidified dichromate (VI) ions]
- oxidising agent represented with [O]

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Oxidation of ketone

Lack of reactivity → does not get oxidised
- upon heating, if colour change from orange → green, compound is aldehyde

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