________ is a chemical reaction that produces a flame, usually because of burning with oxygen.
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Rotation
________ is not possible around the carbon- carbon bonds in cycloalkanes without breaking open the ring.
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Halogenation
________ is the replacement of an alkane hydrogen by a chlorine or bromine in a process initiated by heat or light.
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Alkyl halides
________ have a carbon- halogen bond; alcohols have a carbon- oxygen bond; ethers have two carbons bonded to the same oxygen; and amines have a carbon- nitrogen bond.
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Substituent
________ is an atom or group of atoms attached to a parent compound.
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Alkanes
________ do not react with acids, bases, or most other common laboratory reagents (a substance that causes a reaction to occur)
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Carbon
________ is tetravalent; it always forms four bonds.
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London
→Intermolecular forces are what cause molecules to aggregate or "stick "to one another; hydrogen bonds are the strongest, dipole- dipole forces follow in strength, and ________ dispersion forces are the weakest.
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Hydrocarbons
________ are organic compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen.
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Cycloalkane
________ is an alkane that contains a ring of carbon atoms.
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Alkenes
________ contain a carbon- carbon double- bond functional group; alkynes contain a carbon- carbon triple- bond functional group; and aromatic compounds contain a six- membered benzene ring of carbon atoms with three alternating double bonds.
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Conformation
________ is the specific three- dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule achieved specifically through rotations around carbon- carbon single bonds.
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Constitutional isomers
________ are compounds with the same molecular formula but different connections among their atoms.
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organic compound methane
In the ________, for example, carbon is connected to four hydrogen atoms, with each hydrogen donating its valence electron to carbon to fill out its octet.
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organic molecules
There are three major intermolecular forces involving ________: dipole- dipole forces, hydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces.
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methane
Because it has groups attached to the carbon, ________ is both tetrahedral and tetravalent.
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Cycloalkanes
________ are named by a straightforward extension of the rules for naming open- chain alkanes.
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Alkanes
________ have only single bonds and contain no functional groups.
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Conformer
________ are the molecular structures having identical connections between atoms where the interconversion of C¬C bond rotations results only in a different spatial arrangement of atoms.
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Functional groups that contain sulfur
thioalcohols (known simply as thiols), sulfides, and disulfides
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STEP 1
Name the main chain
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STEP 2
Number the carbon atoms in the main chain, beginning at the end nearer the first branch point
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STEP 3
Identify the branching substituents, and number each according to its point of attachment to the main chain
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STEP 4
Write the name as a single word, using hyphens to separate the numbers from the different prefixes and commas to separate numbers, if necessary
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There are three major intermolecular forces involving organic molecules
dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces
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