Mod 3 Self-Concept: Who Am I?

bias

"A bias is a tendency, inclination, or prejudice toward or against something or someone. Some biases are positive and helpful—like choosing to only eat foods that are considered healthy or staying away from someone who has knowingly caused harm." (ref:Psychology Today)

self-concept

What we know and believe about ourselves.

self-schema

Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information.

spotlight effect

The belief that others are paying more attention to our appearance and behavior that they really are. (like the illusion of transparency)

individualism

The concept of giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.

collectivism

Giving priority to the goals of one's groups (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly.

planning fallacy

The tendency to underestimate how long it will take to complete a task.

dual attitude system

Differing implicit (automatic) and explicit (consciously controlled) attitudes toward the same object. Verbalized explicit attitudes may change with education and persuasion; implicit attitudes change slowly, with practice that forms new habits.

self-reference effect

When information is relevant to our self-concepts, we process it quickly and remember it better.

illusion of transparency

Believing others notice our emotions more than they really do. (Because of our keen awareness of our own feelings, we often think others can see them as clearly as we feel them, but actually others hardly notice our emotions.) (like the spotlight effect)

individualism

Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals. It also pertains to defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identification.

collectivism

Giving priority to the goals of one's groups (often extended family or work groups) and defining one's identity accordingly.

role-identity theory

A theory stemming from the symbolic interactionist perspective that explains how we have multiple identities which make up our "self," and says the self is the mediator between an individual's behavior and her or his social environment.

identity (per role-identity theory)

An internalized role expectation that is linked with a position in society.

T or F: In role-identity theory, identities are viewed as relatively stable.

True, because the roles have relatively stable expectations associated with them, and generally, people tend to stay in roles for extended periods of time.

self (per role-identity theory)

It includes multiple identities since people often occupy many roles in life.

identity hierarchy (per role-identity theory)

The ranking of identities where those identities that are more important (based on "commitment") are higher in the hierarchy, and vice versa,

In role-identity theory, what two factors affect commitment?

Intensiveness and extensiveness.

extensiveness (per role-identity theory)

The number of other people that the individual is related that depend on one invoking that identity

intensiveness (per role-identity theory)

The affective (emotional) importance of the relation to others to which the identity is related that depend on one invoking that identity.

salience (per role-identity theory)

The probability of a role being enacted.

core self (per role-identity theory)

A stable aspect of the self. It acts as the mediator between individual behavior and the social structure.