Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations & Professional Formation

Vocabulary flashcards covering core history, key figures, practice roles, aims, competencies, and concepts from Chapter 1 Nursing Foundations.

Florence Nightingale

British nurse, social reformer, and statistician known as 'The Lady With the Lamp' who founded modern nursing, improved sanitation during the Crimean War, and established the Nightingale Training School for Nurses in 1860.

Mary Eliza Mahoney

First African American nurse to be licensed, earning her license in 1869.

Clara Barton

Civil War nurse who helped care for wounded soldiers and founded the American Red Cross.

Mary Breckinridge

Pioneer in frontier nursing who founded frontier nursing and established the Frontier Nursing Service.

Dorothea Lynde Dix

Civil War era reformer who improved care for people with mental illness and advocated for nurses.

Lillian Wald

Public health nursing pioneer who founded public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement.

Four Aims of Nursing

The core aims guiding nursing practice: promote health, prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping with disability or death.

Promote Health

A nursing aim focused on increasing a patient's overall well-being and health potential.

Prevent Illness

A nursing aim focused on reducing risks, encouraging healthy habits, and screening for risk factors before illness develops.

Restore Health

A nursing aim focused on assessing, caring, collaborating, reporting abnormal findings, and teaching rehabilitation when an illness or problem is present.

Facilitate Coping

A nursing aim focused on supporting patients and families through disability, loss, dying, or death by maximizing remaining strengths and abilities.

Cognitive Competency

A blended competency involving critical thinking, clinical reasoning, clinical judgment, and decision-making, such as building a care plan.

Technical Competency

A blended competency focused on hands-on skills, psychomotor procedures, and the correct operation of medical equipment.

Interpersonal Competency

A blended competency centered on effective therapeutic communication, empathy, and developing caring relationships with patients and team members.

Ethical/Legal Competency

A blended competency ensuring that nursing care is safe, moral, professional, and compliant with legal and regulatory standards.

QSEN Competencies

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses competencies: Patient-centered care, Teamwork & collaboration, Evidence-based practice, Quality improvement, Safety, and Informatics.

Advocate Role

A primary nursing role focused on protecting patient rights, speaking up on behalf of the patient, and ensuring safety.

Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse (LPN/LVN)

A nurse prepared through an abbreviated 12 to 18 month practical nursing program who works under the supervision of an RN, physician, PA, or dentist.

Nurse Practice Acts

State laws that define the legal scope of nursing practice and establish criteria for nursing education and licensure.

Compassion Fatigue

A loss of satisfaction derived from providing care to patients.

Burnout

Cumulative frustration and exhaustion resulting from the work environment.

Secondary Traumatic Stress

Emotional distress resulting from exposure to another person's traumatic experiences.

Resilience

The ability to move through adversity with a hopeful, adaptive response using healthy coping mechanisms and supportive resources.

Virginia Henderson's Nursing Definition

Definition stating nursing is assisting the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health.

ANA Nursing Definition

Definition stating nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy.