Acquiring the Microbiota

Skin & mucous membranes

Upper Respiratory tract (Throat)

GI tract (Mouth too)

Outer urethra

Genitalial

Ear canal

Eye

Sites PREVIOUSLY KNOWN to harbor Normal Microbiota

Additional sites NOW through to harbor at least some normal microbiota

Lungs

Bladder

Breast (and breast milk)

Sites in which DNA from microbiota has been detected

Brain

Bloodstream

The generally antagonistic effect “good” microbes have against intruder microorganisms is called

microbial antagonism

The antagonist protection is partly the result of a limit number of ________ ______ in the host site, all of which are stably occupied by normal biota

attachment site

Hosts with _______ ______ _________ could very easily experience diseased caused by their normal microbiota

compromised immune systems

Factors that weaken host defenses and increase susceptibility to infection

Old age and extreme youth

AIDS

Surgery

disease

chemo

stress

pregnancy

other infections