CR CVR: I List

All vocab words starting with I: mix of law, medical, court reporting, business, etc.

Id Est (i.e.)

Latin abbreviation for “that is”

Idiosyncrasy

peculiar habit, trait, or mannerism unique to an individual or group; distinctive way of thinking or behaving that sets someone apart; specific, unusual feature in a system or object

Ileum

portion of the small intestine

Ileus

bowel obstruction

Ilium

largest and most superior (upper) bone of the pelvis, forming the flared, wing-like part of the hip bone

Illegally Obtained Evidence

any proof, information, or testimony collected by law enforcement in violation of a person's constitutional or statutory rights; objectionable

Illicit

illegal; unlawful; forbidden

Illiquid

investments that cannot be quickly converted into cash at fair market value, such as real estate, private equity, or art; offer benefits like high potential returns, diversification, and reduced portfolio volatility; risks include long "lock-up" periods, difficulty finding buyers, and potential for significant value loss if a quick sale is necessary

Illusion

false appearance; misleading sensory perception; incorrect idea

Im-

not

Imbroglio

complicated, confusing, or embarrassing situation; often involves a bitter disagreement, a tangled misunderstanding, or a messy web of conflicting interests

Immanent

existing or operating within; inherent; intrinsic

Immaterial

evidence, allegations, or facts that are not relevant, significant, or essential to the issues being litigated in a case; information that has no bearing on the outcome or lacks a logical connection to the central dispute, often leading to objections during trials

Immediate Certification

once this is requested, the deposition is concluded with the stipulation that it will be reconvene after the judge has ruled on the certified questions

Immigrate

to settle in a region or country other than one's native area; immigrate to

Imminent

about to happen; impending; at hand

Immolate

kill or offer as a sacrifice, especially by burning

Immutable

unchanging over time; unable to be changed; absolute

Impaneling

legal process of selecting, swearing in, and seating a jury for a trial; involves calling a pool of jurors, conducting voir dire (questioning for bias), allowing peremptory or cause challenges, and finalizing the jury members who will hear the case

Impartiality

professional responsibility of a reporter to be fair and unbiased to each participant in a proceeding and to be alert to and disclose any potential conflict of interest

Impeachment of a Witness

legal process of attacking or discrediting their credibility, often by citing proof that they lied, made prior inconsistent statements, or are biased; reduces the weight the jury gives to the testimony, demonstrating unreliability

Impetigo

common, highly contagious bacterial skin infection that mainly causes red sores, fluid-filled blisters, and honey-colored crusts; frequently affects young children; spreads easily through touch or shared items

Implacable

someone or something that cannot be pacified, appeased, or significantly changed

Impleader

third-party lawsuit allowing a defendant to bring a non-party into a lawsuit who may be liable for all or part of the plaintiff’s claim; primary purpose is to efficiently settle related liabilities in one action, typically to shift blame or seek indemnification from a third party; Third-Party Practice

Implicate

incriminate; involve necessarily; imply

Implicit

implied; essential; absolute

Implied-in-Fact Contract

legally binding agreement created by the actions, conduct, or circumstances of the parties involved, rather than through explicit written or verbal words; there’s a mutual agreement between parties; examples include ordering food, accepting services

Implied-in-Law Contract

legally binding agreement created by the actions, conduct, or circumstances of the parties involved rather than through written or spoken words; obligations imposed by law to prevent unjust enrichment (when one benefits at the expense of another) and ensure fairness; there’s no mutual agreement between parties; party who received the benefit is legally obligated to compensate the other party; one example is emergency medical services while unconscious; Quasi-Contract

Imply

suggest indirectly; hint; insinuate

Importune

beseech; entreat; implore

Impudent

insolent; disrespectful, shameless

In Aid of Execution Deposition

legal procedure that may be taken after a case is completed and the court has ordered a money judgment against a party; the losing party is questioned under oath to locate assets, uncover bank accounts, employment, real estate, and income that can be legally seized to satisfy an unpaid court judgment; Disclosure Deposition

In Camera

judicial proceeding conducted in private, excluding the general public and media; used to protect sensitive information, witness safety, or national security, where only involved parties, lawyers, and court officials are present; typically more informal than open court hearings; Latin for “in chambers” or “in private”

In Curia

public sessions of judicial proceedings, trials, or hearings held in a courtroom where the public and media are permitted to attend and observe, ensuring transparency and accountability in the administration of justice; Open Court; Latin for “in court”

In Delicto

Latin for “at fault”

In Extremis

person at the point of death; Latin for “in the furthest limits”

In Facie Curiae

in the face of the court

In Fee

highest, most complete form of real estate ownership, granting the owner absolute, unrestricted rights to land and any structures on it indefinitely; allows owners to sell, lease, mortgage, or transfer the property, and it can be inherited by heirs; also called Fee Simple and Fee Title

In Flagrante Delicto

used to describe someone who has been caught red-handed in the very act of committing a crime, wrongdoing, or illicit romantic or sexual act; Latin for “in the blazing offense”

In Forma Pauperis

legal status allowing indigent (poor) individuals to sue or defend in federal or state courts without liability for court fees or costs; ensures legal access, often covering document fees but not necessarily all litigation expenses; an indigent person is allowed to file an appeal of this name without payment of fees or costs; Latin for "in the manner of a pauper"

In Haec Verba

indicates that the exact, precise language of a document or agreement is being quoted, rather than paraphrased or attached as an exhibit; Latin for “in the same words”

In Ipsissimis Verbis

used to indicate that a quote is being reproduced exactly as spoken or written, word-for-word; emphasizes precise, literal citation rather than a summary or paraphrase, often used in legal contexts to mean verbatim; Latin for “in the very words”

In Jure

something that is done according to the law or considered valid under legal rules; Latin for “by law”

In Kind

payments, distributions, or transactions made using goods, services, or property rather than cash or money

In Limine

at the outset; at the beginning; Latin for “at the threshold”

In Loco

in lieu of or in the place of; Latin for “in place”

In Loco Parentis

person or group that takes on the legal duty, care, and supervision of a child without adopting them; Latin for “in the place of a parent”

In Media Res

to get to the heart of the matter; straight to the matter at hand; Latin for “in the midst of things”

In Pari Delicto

equitable defense stating that if two or more individuals or entities are equally responsible for a wrongful act (such as a crime, fraud, or tort), the court will not intervene to resolve the dispute or award damages to either wrongdoer; Latin for “in equal fault”

In Personam

court's power to adjudicate matters directed at a specific individual or entity rather than property; seeks to determine personal rights and obligations, with judgments binding only the named parties; Latin for “against the person”

In Propria Persona

person who represents themself in court without a lawyer; often shortened to “in pro per”; equivalent term is “pro se”; Latin for “in one's own person”

In Re

commonly used in legal documents and case titles to indicate a proceeding involving a specific subject, person, or property rather than two opposing parties; Latin for "in the matter of" or "concerning"

In Rem

legal action or proceeding directed toward specific property, rather than a particular person; determines title, ownership, or rights to that property and is binding against all parties, not just those named in the suit; Latin for "against a thing"

In To

used when “in” is part of the verb phrase and “to” begins a prepositional phrase or infinitive (next word in the sentence)

In Toto

signifies that a document, decision, or argument is being considered, accepted, or rejected as a complete unit rather than in separate parts; Latin for “in total”

Inane

silly; stupid; foolish, fatuous

Incessant

continuing without pause or interruption; unceasing; constant; unabating

Incest

unlawful sexual relations between members of the same family

Incidence

rate or frequency of something happening, often in a statistical context

Incidentally

by the way; by chance; fortuitously

Incidents

specific events or occurrences, often unexpected or negative

Incisors

four anterior teeth in either jaw

Incite

to provoke

Inclement

unpleasantly cold or wet; bleak; bitter

Incompetent, Irrelevant, and Immaterial

classic courtroom objection used by attorneys; means the proposed evidence is not proper to be received, not relating to or applicable to the matter at issue, and not important or pertinent

Incorporeal Property

legal right to intangible assets that lack physical existence but possess value, such as intellectual property (copyrights, patents), easements, or debts owed; represents ownership of a right, rather than a tangible object

Inculcate

instill an attitude, idea, or habit by persistent instruction

Inculpatory

that which tends to incriminate or bring about a criminal conviction

Indemnity

contractual agreement where one party agrees to compensate another for specific, future losses, damages, or legal liabilities arising from a business relationship or event; serves as risk management, protecting parties from financial loss caused by another party's actions, negligence, or specific, agreed-upon incidents

Index Page

list of the major events that happened in the proceeding that shows exactly where to find references to each line item, such as examination of witnesses, marking of exhibits, etc.

Indicia

signs, indications, or circumstantial evidence that point to the existence of a specific fact, right, or relationship, though they do not provide absolute proof

Indictment

formal written accusation charging a person with a crime, typically a felony, after a grand jury investigation; presented by a grand jury to a court; signifies there is enough evidence (probable cause) to justify a trial but does not prove guilt

Indignant

feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment; aggrieved; affronted

Indirect Evidence

proof of a fact that requires a logical inference to connect it to a conclusion, rather than directly proving the fact itself; widely used in criminal and civil cases to infer intent or actions, such as forensic, fingerprint, or behavior-based evidence, and is legally equivalent to direct evidence

Ineffable

inexpressible; indescribable; unutterable

Inert

lacking the ability or strength to move; lacking vigor; chemically inactive

Inexcusable

indefensible; unjustifiable; too bad to be tolerated

Infarction

formation of an infarct (generally, a necrosis of tissue due to an obstruction of circulation); commonly myocardial this (heart attack)

Infer

deduce; reason; conclude

Inference

logical, reasonable deduction or conclusion of fact drawn by a judge or jury from other facts that have already been proven or admitted; functions as a form of circumstantial evidence, allowing the trier-of-fact to bridge gaps in evidence through deductive reasoning

Inferior Court

judicial body with limited jurisdiction that is subordinate to a higher, supreme authority within a court system; handle specific, smaller cases and their decisions are subject to review by higher, appellate courts

Inferior Nasal Concha

paired, independent, scroll-shaped bone extending horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal cavity; Inferior Turbinate

Inferior Turbinate

paired, independent, scroll-shaped bone extending horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal cavity; Inferior Nasal Concha

Information

accusation exhibited against a person for some criminal offense without an indictment; presented by a competent public officer on his oath of office instead of a grand jury on their oath

Information Sheet

preprinted form that is filled in at the time of the proceeding or from the reporter’s notes which includes the date, time, and location of the proceeding, appearances, exhibits, and witnesses, as well as any other information pertinent for billing or contact; Reporter’s Worksheet; Poop Sheet; Dope Sheet; Dog Sheet; Control Sheet

Infra

below, later in this document

Infra-

under/below

Inheritance

legacy; bequest; endowment

Initial Appearance

after arrest, the first appearance of the accused before a judge or magistrate

Injunction

legal order forbidding a person or group to carry out a given action or ordering a given action to be done; court-ordered, equitable remedy that compels a party to perform or refrain from specific actions to prevent irreparable harm, often used when money alone cannot fix a legal wrong, and acts as a preventative measure

Innocuous

harmless; not offensive; safe

Inoculate

introduce a substance (like a vaccine, antibody, or microorganism) into a living body, a plant, or a culture medium

Inoculations

vaccinations; immunizations; vaccines

Insidious

something that is harmful but develops gradually and subtly, making it hard to notice until it has caused significant damage; implies a sense of deceit, treachery, or a hidden trap

Insight

ability to discern

Insipid

flavorless; bland; boring; vapid

Insolvency

state of financial distress where a company cannot meet its debt obligations as they fall due (cash flow) or its total liabilities exceed its assets (balance sheet); signals that a business is unable to pay suppliers, employees, or creditors

Insure

arrange for compensation in the event of damage, loss, injury, or death, in exchange for regular advance payments to a company or government agency (insurance); secure or protect someone against a possible contingency

Integral

essential; fundamental; relating to a mathematical integer

Intelligentsia

intellectuals or highly educated people in a society as a group, especially those considered to be an elite or those actively interested in the arts, philosophy, and politics