COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW APUSH

When did the largest influx of immigrants come to the United States?

1845-1850.

What led to the immigration of loads of Irish immigrants

Potato blight (famine).

What is a project that used Irish labor?

Erie Canal.

What religious denomination were most Irish?

Catholic.

What religious denomination were many German immigrants?

Lutheran.

Where did many Chinese immigrants arrive and receive extreme discrimination?

The west coast.

What were the ideas of the “know-nothing” party?

American party- Promoted nativism and xenophobic views of foreigners. Anti-catholic.

What was Alexis de Tocqueville’s nationality?

He was a FRENCH nobleman.

What was the name of the journal written by Tocqueville?

Democracy in America.

What were the ideas of Tocqueville?

When he visited America he said, “men are nearer in equality than any other country in the world”. He was impressed with religion and noted the absence of aristocracy.

What did Tocqueville’s ideas lead to?

Increased European immigration to United States.

Who was Thomas Hart Benton?

Senator and democrat from Missouri.

What newspaper did Horace Greeley edit?

The New York Tribune.

What was Horace Greeley’s famous saying?

“Go west young man, go west!”

Who was the man who coined the term “manifest destiny?”

John O’Sullivan.

What political party was hesitant to expand and buy Texas?

The Whig Party.

What did Mexico encourage Americans to do, and what were the name given to these Americans?

Mexico encouraged American settlement-Tejanos.

Who was the famous land agent hired by Mexico to recruit Americans to move to Texas?

Steven Austin.

In Texas how much did the Americans outnumber Mexicans by?

3:1.

Who was the Mexican dictator during the Mexican-American war?

Santa Anna.

Who would first declare war during the Texan revoulution?

Mexico would declare war on Texas. Texans led by Sam Houston would declare independence (lone star republic).

What was the significance of the Alamo?

Overwhelming Mexican victory. They killed all Americans in the fort.

Along with the Alamo what was the battle that inflicted mass American causalities?

Goliad.

What role would Sam Houston assume in the lone star republic?

He would become the president.

What was the famous saying after the battle of the Alamo?

“Remember the Alamo.”

What battle was Santa Anna captured at and forced to sign a treaty that recognized Texas as independence?

The battle of San Jacinto.

Why was the annexation of Texas contraversial?

Northerners believed that slavery would expand into the state, and the state could be divided further into multiple more slave states.

What party was John Tyler officially a member of?

The Whigs (he was formerly a democrat).

Why was John Tyler almost impeached by his own party?

He often vetoed his own Party’s bills.

What was John Tyler’s stance on the annexation of Texas?

He supported annexation.

What decade was the known for westward migration?

The 1840s.

What was an example of economic opportunities to move out west?

The California Gold Rush.

What was a religious reason to go out west?

To flee persecution-Mormons.

What was a reason for farming to go outwest?

The Willamette valley area.

What was the Northern territory that the Willamette valley was located in?

Oregon country.

What was Polk’s campaign slogan in regards to the Oregon country?

“Fifty-four Forty or Fight!”

What was the main issues during the election of 1844?

Manifest destiny and annexation- Texas and Oregon.

What led to Henry Clay losing support?

Clay wasn’t decisive on the Texas issue.

What was the nickname given to James Polk?

Young Hickory.

What was the word used to described the unknown status of James Polk during the election of 1844?

Darkhorse candidate.

Who (president) would officially annex Texas into the United States?

John Tyler before he left office.

What parallel would Oregon end up being split at?

49th Parallel.

What was the name of the treaty that divided the Oregon territory?

The treaty of Oregon.

What was the dispute about between Texas and Mexico?

A border dispute about which river divided Texas and Mexico.

What led to the outbreak of the Mexican-American war?

Mexican forces attacked American troops in the disputed zone. Polk said, “American Blood has been shed on American soil.”

What was the main question about the outbreak of the Mexican-American war, and what famous political figure wrote the “Spots resolutions” about it?

The main question was about exactly where the blood was shed. Was America the aggressor? Abraham Lincoln proposed the “Spots Resolution,” which asked for the exact spot where the incident happened.

What was the nickname given to Abraham Lincoln due to the “Spots resolutions?”

A Conscience Whig.

Who opposed the war as he believed it would further spread slavery?

Frederick Douglass.

Why did Henry David Thoreau oppose the war?

Civil disobedience- He believed that the poll tax he paid funded the war.

What did the Wilmot proviso do?

It was an unsuccessful proposal to congress that slavery wouldn’t be allowed in the potential land gained during the Mexican-American war.

What was the treaty that ended the Mexican-American war?

Then treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

What was the the name of the land given to the United States in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

The Mexican Cession.

What was the social significance of the Mexican Cession?

New land for Americans (manifest destiny). Many Californios were persecuted.

Who was the Whig candidate of the 1848 election?

Zachary Taylor.

Who was the democrat candidate of the election of 1848?

Lewis Cass (popular sovereignty).

What party did Martin Van Buren run under in the election of 1848?

The free soil party.

Where was the site where gold was first discovered in California?

John Sutter’s mill.

What was the name given to the people who rushed to California during the gold rush?

49ers.

What type of state would California eventually be?

A free state.

What did the Indian appropriations act of 1851 do?

Set up the reservation system.

Who would expanded US trade to Japan?

Matthew Perry.

What would the trade treaty between the United States and Japan be named?

The treaty of Kanagawa.

What was the Market revolution?

The linking of Northern industry with Western and Southern farms, created by advances in technology which had significant effects on society.

What led to the want for increase in industry and manufacturing in America?

The war of 1812.

Who memorized the blueprints for the water frame and began the industrial revolution in America?

Samuel Slater.

What was the name of the road that stretched from Cumberland, Maryland to Illinois?

National road.

What did the McCormick Reaper do?

Made harvesting 7x faster.

What did the steel-tipped plow do?

Broke up the soil—faster and easier.

What did the morse telegraph lead to?

Faster communication.

What company started the first textile mill in Lowell, Boston?

Boston associates.

What labor would Lowell mills use?

Female and child labor.

What was the name for the labor unions that rose during the market revolution?

Workingman’s party.

What was the nickname given to the female workers at Lowell mills?

Lowell girls.

Where would the Lowell workers live?

Company-owned boarding houses.

What would the increase in female labor lead to?

Change of social perception of women’s roles both in the workforce and domestic life.

What country had many unskilled immigrants immigrate to the US during the 1840s and 1850s.

Ireland.

What was the nickname for the 1824 election?

The corrupt Bargain.

What happened during the 1824 election?

Andrew Jackson won the popular vote, but house of rep (led by Henry clay) decided on John Quincy Adams. JQA would then appoint Henry Clay as his secretary of state.

What movement is closely tied to Jacksonian democracy?

Universal male suffrage movement.

Did Jackson grant universal male suffrage?

No, he strongly encourage states to grant this between 1824-1828 which would lead to him winning in 1828.

What tariff will John Quincy Adams sign in 1828, before he leaves the office?

The tariff of 1828 (tariff of abominations).

Who supported the tariff of 1828?

National republicans.

Who did the tariff of 1828 benefit and how much?

The North was benefited while the south would struggle. Up to 45% in some areas.

What are campaigning tactics used by Andrew Jackson during the election of 1828?

Mass rallies, slogans (JQA czar pimp). Mudslinging.

Jackson represented what era?

The era of Common man.

What political party would Andrew Jackson make?

Democratic party.

What was Andrew Jackson’s nickname?

Old hickory.

Who was Andrew Jackson’s wife and what was her significance?

Racheal, She died just before his inauguration (he blamed Henry Clay).

What was the name given to Andrew Jackson due to his chaotic party for his inauguration.

King Mob.

What was Andrew Jackson’s slogan?

“Let the people rule".”

What will Andrew Jackson do to voting methods?

He will create secret ballots.

What will Andrew Jackson do to elections?

He will begin party nominating conventions.

What movement will Andrew Jackson heavily support?

Suffrage for white men (non-landowners).

What system will Andrew Jackson implement in the government?

The spoil system.

What was the spoil system?

Replacing 10% of government jobs with his supporters.

Why did Andrew Jackson rotate people in the spoil system?

He wanted more supporters to be able to gain that job.

What state would nullify the tariff of abominations?

South Carolina.

Who would anonymously write “South Carolina Exposition and Protest”?

John C. Calhoun.

What position in government did John C. Calhoun have?

VP of Andrew Jackson.

What side did John C. Calhoun support?

South Carolina’s side— Supported nullification.