Unit 5 ESS Vocabulary Quiz #1

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Abiotic factors

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Only the first few vocab terms learnt in Ecosystems and Ecology to prep for my vocab quiz.

31 Terms

1

Abiotic factors

The non-living, physical factors that influence the organisms and ecosystem, such as temperature, sunlight, pH, salinity, and precipitation.

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2

Aquatic

Relating to water i.e. ecosystems dominated by water

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3

Bioaccumulation

The build-up of persistent or non- biodegradable pollutants within an organism or trophic level because they cannot be broken down

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4

Biomagnification

The increase in concentration of persistent or non-biodegradable pollutants along a food chain.

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5

Biotic factors

The interactions between the organisms— such as predation, herbivory, parasitism, mutualism, disease, and competition.

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6

Carrying capacity

The maximum population size that a given area can support sustainably.

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7

Chemosynthetic organisms

Produce their own food without sunlight using the energy stored in chemical bonds, e.g. denitrifying bacteria.

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8

Commensalism

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other one is neither harmed nor helped.

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9

Community

A group of populations living and interacting with each other in a common habitat.

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10

Competition

The interaction between organisms that are trying to attain the same resources. Might be for food, mates, territory, nesting sites, etc.

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11

Decomposer

Feeds on dead and decaying material, thus recycling the nutrients.

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12

Density- dependent limiting factors

Limiting factors related to how densely packed a population is, e.g. competition

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13

Density- independent limiting factors

Limiting factors unrelated to population density such as natural disasters and weather change.

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14

Ecosystem

A community and the physical environment with which it interacts.

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15

Fundamental niche

Describes the full range of conditions and resources in which a species could survive and reproduce.

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16

Habitat

The environment in which a species normally lives.

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17

Herbivory

The consumption of a plant species by an animal.

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18

J-Shaped curve

A population growth curve showing exponential growth with no carrying capacity reached.

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19

Maximum sustainable yield

Equivalent to the net primary or net secondary productivity of a system.

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20

Mutualism

Symbiotic relationship in which both partners benefit.

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21

Niche

Describes the particular set of abiotic and biotic conditions and resources to which an organism or population responds.

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22

Parasitism

Symbiotic relationship in which one species is benefited and the other is adversely affected.

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23

Photosynthesis

The conversion of water and carbon dioxide in chloroplasts, using light energy, to organic matter.

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24

Precipitation

Rain, snow, sleet or hail - water that moves from a gaseous state, condenses and falls to the ground.

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25

Predation

The consumption of one species (the prey) by another (the predator).

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26

Primary producers

In most ecosystems convert light energy into chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis.

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27

Producers (autotrophs)

Are typically plants or algae that produce their own food using photosynthesis and form the first trophic level in a food chain.

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28

Species

A group of organisms that share common characteristics and that interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

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29

S-Shaped curve

A population growth curve showing exponential growth followed by slowed growth until carrying capacity is reached.

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30

Symbiosis

Individuals living on or in individuals of another species where one or both species use the others resources. Includes mutualism, commensalism and parasitism.

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31

Trophic level

The position that an organism occupies in a food chain, or the position of a group of organisms in a community that occupy the same position in food chains.

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