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what is encoding?
converting the message from the sender; affected by skills, attitudes, knowledge, and social-cultural systems
What is the message?
the physical product from the source that conveys some purpose
what is decoding?
translating the received message
True or False: you should NOT put everything in writing
False
What is a grapevine?
the informal communication network in a group or organization
True or False: Bad news travels the fastest
True
What are examples of non-verbal communication?
Body language and simple interpretation
What are some barriers to communication?
Selective perception, filtering, language, and jargon
What is selective perception?
basing decisions/interpretations on your own experiences
What is filtering?
Manipulation information to make it favorable
How is language a barrier?
English is confusing! Information is hard to translate across language barriers and different proficiency
How do you overcome barriers?
Feedback, simplifying language, active listening, direct eye contact
How to have civil conversations?
Don't talk politics and religion at work
What is communication?
the transfer of understanding from one person to another
how many steps are in the communication process and what are they?
7 - sender, encoding, message, channel, decoding, the receiver, feedback
what is the sender?
the person who initiates a message by encoding a thought - must be skilled in writing/speaking
what is the channel?
the medium through which the message travels
what is the receiver?
who the message is directed to - skilled in reading/lisitening
what is feedback?
checking how successful the message transferring was
True or False: Even if someone gets a verbal warning, it will be written as well
True
Define control
Monitoring and adjusting
What are reasons for having control?
To oversee, compare, and correct
What is the control cycle?
Continuous monitoring, evaluation and adjustment
3 types of control
feedforward, concurrent, feedback
What is feedforward control?
control that takes place before a work activity is done (put quality parts to get quality products)
what is concurrent control?
control that takes place while a work activity is in progress (can stop the line wherever)
what is feedback control?
control that takes place after a work activity is done (test product before shipped)
True or False: Companies can only use one type of control
False, companies like Disney use all three
List the Financial Ratios used for control
Liquidity, Leverage, Activity, Profitability
Liquidity Ratio
are we liquid enough to handle our short-term debt?
Leverage Ratio
Identifies the source of the companies capital
Activity Ratio
How effectively a firm is using their resources
Profitability
How effectively an organization is being managed as a whole
Two types of Auditors
Internal and external
What are internal auditors?
Audits all company financials - mistakes, embezzlement
What are external auditors?
Outside people to audit their financials
Who provides information to who, and why is it bad?
Internal auditors present info to external auditors; corruption is therefore easy to miss
4 types of project management
GAMPT chart, LOGE chart, PERT, Critical Path
Gampt Chart
The manager looks for deviation from a plan; phases activities in for efficiency
LOGE Chart
Scheduling capacity for workspace
PERT
Program Evaluation and Review Technique; provides best and worst case scenarios
Critical Path
If you finish the job early, get a bonus; if you finish a job late, penalized
True or False: Too many controls may be as good than none at all
True
Why are too many controls as good as none at all?
Start to be ignored, may be inaccurate or arbitrary, too little flexibility
