LIBERAL DEMOCRACY

Independant Judiciary

Judges are independant from the government/ political processes to ensure everyone is treat equally.

Peaceful transition of power.

Those who lose power must accept the authority of those who win power. Ensures accountability/ legitimacy.

Free elections.

Everyone is free to vote. Secret ballots so no one is denied the vote.

Fair elections

All votes have equal value. Safeguards in place to prevent rigging.

Freedom of association.

Freedom to form pressure groups and parties.

Freedom of expression/ information

Can express opinions to scrutinize the government. Cannot be arrested for this. Free access to public information. Free media and no government censorship.

Widespread political participation.

Large proportion participates. More representitive and prevents government being too dictorial.

Peers cannot vote as they already have representation and influence.

Protection of rights and Liberty.

Acts to protect rights so the state cannot erase them.

Rule of law.

No one is above the law. Prevents power abuse.

A constitution.

Sets limits of government power.

How did ideas of liberal democracy come about.

Radicals like John Locke believe contract exists between the public and those in power.

Why was liberal democracy seen as radical.

It rejects absolute monarchy.

Believed the government should be limited to prevent power abuse and a free society.

What is the electoral commission?

Commission to ensure elections are free and fair. Has a budget of £18 million.