AP United States Government and Politics - Cumulative Review #1 (Units 1-5)

According to Federalist No. 51, what is the primary, or strongest control on the government?

a single government

power surrendered by the people

ambition in the government

a dependence on the people

a dependence on the people

The concept of "one person, one vote" in support of equal representation within a district was the result of which Supreme Court case?

Shaw v. Reno

Baker v. Carr

Marbury v. Madison

McCulloch v. Maryland

Baker v. Carr

What is the greatest check on judicial power?

the Senate

the Constitution

the House of Representatives

the president

the Constitution

Which of the following is NOT a way the president directs the bureaucracy?

through iron triangles

through executive order

through appointing department heads based on loyalty

through appointing department heads based on ideology

through iron triangles

How many branches were created in the national government under the Articles of Confederation?

three; the executive, legislative, and judicial

one; the legislative

two; the executive and legislative

one; the executive

one; the legislative

What was the subject of Federalist No. 78?

balance of power

policy-making process

presidency enhanced beyond constitutional powers

life tenure of federal judges

life tenure of federal judges

The Senate tends to focus more on ________, while the House of Representatives tends to focus more on ________.

foreign policy; taxes and the budgets

interstate commerce; environmental policy

foreign policy; environmental policy

taxes and budget; interstate commerce

foreign policy; taxes and the budgets

Which of the following is NOT a way the other branches of government can check the Judicial Branch?

by passing a constitutional amendment

by refusing the enforce a Supreme Court decision

by firing Supreme Court justices

by changing original and appellate jurisdiction

by firing Supreme Court justices

Which of the following is an example of checks and balances?

Congress is prohibited from passing a bill of attainder.

A two-thirds vote from Congress can override a presidential veto.

The president can spend money only after Congress approves it.

Hillary Clinton had to resign as a senator before she could become the secretary of state.

A two-thirds vote from Congress can override a presidential veto.

What is judicial review?

the right of federal courts to declare a law unconstitutional

when Supreme Courts justices review past cases to determine their legality

when federal judges review the decisions of lower courts

an impeachment trial of a federal judge

the right of federal courts to declare a law unconstitutional

What was the Great Compromise?

It created a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in one house and equal representation in the other.

It set up the electoral college for presidential elections, but allowed the House of Representatives to choose the president if no one won the Electoral College.

It allowed southern states to count 60 percent of the slave population for purposes of representation.

It set up a bicameral legislature with equal representation in both houses.

It created a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in one house and equal representation in the other.

What did the American colonists want when they first began petitioning England?

They wanted better representation in the British government, but not independence.

They wanted to return to the rules established under the Magna Carta.

They wanted to have their own government but remain under British rule.

They wanted full independence from England and the monarchy.

They wanted better representation in the British government, but not independence.

What is an example of an implied power of the federal government?

the power to regulate immigration

the power to establish courts

the power to coin money

the power to conduct elections

the power to regulate immigration

The power to raise taxes, borrow money, and establish courts is an example of ________ powers.

concurrent

reserved

implied

expressed

concurrent

Which of the following is an argument in favor of judicial restraint?

It protects the rights of underrepresented groups.

It actively protects the original intention of the Constitution.

It turns judges into unofficial legislators.

It is interested in protecting the spirit of the Constitution.

It actively protects the original intention of the Constitution.

What does a party need to do before their case can be heard by the Supreme Court?

petition for a writ of certiorari

bring their case directly to the Supreme Court before the other courts

submit an amicus curiae

get a letter from a judge in a lower court

petition for a writ of certiorari

What was a key problem with the Articles of Confederation?

Not enough power was in the hands of the people.

The national government could not implement foreign policy.

It created a weak national government.

It gave too much power to the national militia.

It created a weak national government.

What is bureaucratic discretionary authority?

the ability of a bureaucratic agency to make decisions on its own

the ability of a bureaucratic agency to appoint its own heads of departments

the ability of Congress to create bureaucratic agencies

the ability of the president to conduct bureaucratic investigations

the ability of a bureaucratic agency to make decisions on its own

Which of the following was NOT one of the divisive issues at the Constitutional Convention?

slavery

the attendance of George Washington

the election process for a chief executive

representation in the legislature

the attendance of George Washington

What are the two main differences between a democracy and a republic, as explained in Federalist No. 10?

security of the public good and popular government

in-person administration of government and a small number of citizens

delegation of government to a small number of elected citizens and the greater number of citizens the government extends over

destroying essential liberty and giving every citizen the same opinions, passions, and interests

delegation of government to a small number of elected citizens and the greater number of citizens the government extends over

What is the only way, besides a constitutional amendment, to overturn a Supreme Court decision?

another Supreme Court decision

an executive order

the impeachment of the chief justice

an act of Congress

another Supreme Court decision

Which of these is NOT a reason given in Brutus No. 1 that a federal government should be avoided?

It is impractical to expect a representation to truly speak for its constituents when there are too many involved.

A legislature cannot be fully aware of the local needs and conditions of areas that they are not in.

A free republic is the only way to keep a standing army to execute its laws.

The Grecians and Romans both became tyrannical and changed from free governments after their territories expanded greatly.

A free republic is the only way to keep a standing army to execute its laws.

Legislation is most likely to be passed under what kind of government?

It is most likely to be passed under a divided government.

It is most likely to be passed under a united government.

It is most likely to be passed under a lame duck government.

It doesn't matter what kind of government is involved.

It doesn't matter what kind of government is involved.

How can the president influence the legislative process?

The president can set out goals in the State of the Union address.

The president can determine the order in which bills are presented.

The president can submit legislation directly to Congress.

The president can issue a line-item veto.

The president can set out goals in the State of the Union address.

What was the public reaction to the Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education, discussed in lesson 5.2, as an example of challenging the judiciary?

Citizens picketed at the White House for the impeachment of Dwight D. Eisenhower, then the president of the United States.

Citizens rallied in support of desegregating schools.

Citizens in southern states threw eggs at the house of the attorney who argued in favor of the plaintiffs.

Citizens in southern states launched a campaign for the impeachment of Chief Justice Earl Warren.

Citizens in southern states launched a campaign for the impeachment of Chief Justice Earl Warren.

What is an example of cooperative federalism?

the Fourteenth Amendment

the power to regulate interstate commerce

U.S. v. Lopez

the Welfare Reform Act of 1996

the Welfare Reform Act of 1996

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons the writers of the Constitution incorporated the separation of powers and checks and balances into the Constitution?

They were anxious about the Judicial Branch having too much power.

They were concerned with having a weak executive.

They were wary of a strong executive.

They were afraid of legislative tyranny.

They were anxious about the Judicial Branch having too much power.

What is a lame duck?

a judge or member of Congress in her or his last term

a president or member of Congress in his or her first term

a president or judge in her or his first term

a president or member of Congress in his or her last term

a president or member of Congress in his or her last term

Which of the following is NOT a cause for impeachment?

bribery

infidelity

crime

treason

infidelity

The process of creating the federal budget is called the ________ process.

budget

fiscal

division

appropriations

appropriations

What is an executive order?

It decrees which cases will be heard by the Supreme Court.

It forces Congress to consider a certain law.

It appoints a person to a cabinet-level position.

It is a directive that dictates how to enforce a law.

It is a directive that dictates how to enforce a law.

Which of the following did NOT influence the Declaration of Independence?

John Locke

the Magna Carta

Thomas Hobbes

the English Bill of Rights

the Magna Carta

Which of the following ideas that influenced the thinking of the American founding fathers came from John Locke?

The most important and fundamental right of man is that of self-preservation.

The natural rights of man are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

People have a right to overthrow a government that does not uphold the social contract.

Once a social contract is signed, the people give up their right to revolt.

People have a right to overthrow a government that does not uphold the social contract.

What was the biggest fear that the Anti-Federalists had about a stronger central government?

It would give the states too much power.

There was no protection for the individual.

It would not be able to respond to foreign threats.

It would have too much power.

It would have too much power.

What was the subject of the Marbury v. Madison case?

School sponsorship of religious activities violates the Establishment Clause.

The principle of judicial review is established as an important practice.

The U.S. Constitution and federal laws have supremacy over state laws.

States may prohibit speech having a tendency to cause danger to public safety.

The principle of judicial review is established as an important practice.

What communication technology dramatically changed how the public viewed the president?

radio

the internet

newspaper

television

radio

What was ultimately required for the Constitution to be ratified?

the promise to include a Bill of Rights

an amendment to make slavery illegal

an amendment to adopt the New Jersey Plan

an amendment to create a council of chief executives

the promise to include a Bill of Rights

What was the significance of the ruling in the Supreme Court case McCulloch v. Maryland?

The ruling made it possible for the federal government to make decisions for states about air pollution.

It made it clear that the U.S. Constitution could not be altered by state laws.

The ruling said that states were required to enforce all things dictated in the Bill of Rights and the Constitution.

This decision limited the federal government's power through the Commerce Clause.

It made it clear that the U.S. Constitution could not be altered by state laws.

Which of the following is NOT a power of Congress?

declaring war

negotiating treaties

raising taxes

passing a federal budget

negotiating treaties

How is legislation introduced?

A member of the Senate submits a bill to a clerk.

The president sends a draft to either house of Congress.

A committee meets together and writes legislation, then presents it.

Members of Congress introduce it in their respective chambers.

Members of Congress introduce it in their respective chambers.

Which of the following gave back power to the states?

the Fourteenth Amendment

the Commerce Clause

McCulloch v. Maryland

U.S. v Lopez

U.S. v Lopez

What three parts make up an iron triangle?

an interest group, a federal judge, and agency heads

a federal judge, the president, and Congress

the bureaucracy, Congress, and an interest group

the president, Congress, and the bureaucracy

the bureaucracy, Congress, and an interest group

How does the Government Accountability Office keep executive agencies in check?

by issuing injunctions

by limiting the amount they can spend

by confirming the heads of executive agencies

by reviewing the rules they write

by reviewing the rules they write

Which of the following is NOT a philosophy about the role of legislators?

protector

delegate

politico

trustee

protector

Which of these is NOT an ingredient that constitutes energy in the context of "an energetic Executive," as written in Federalist No. 70?

unity

adequate provision for its support

competent powers

independence

independence

Which entity should people turn to if they feel a law is unjust?

the Senate

the House of Representatives

the federal court system

the president

the federal court system

Which of the following is an example of limiting presidential power?

Abraham Lincoln suspending habeas corpus

Congress declaring war

Franklin D. Roosevelt creating new executive agencies

Congress passing the Twenty-Second Amendment

Congress passing the Twenty-Second Amendment

What kind of government does the United States have?

elite democracy

participatory democracy

direct democracy

constitutional republic

constitutional republic

How did all three branches of government leave their mark on the Affordable Care Act?

The president wrote it, Congress passed it, and the Supreme Court voted on it.

The president wrote it, Congress passed it, and the Supreme Court upheld it.

The president proposed it, Congress wrote it, and the Supreme Court upheld it.

The president proposed it, Congress wrote it, and the Supreme Court vetoed it.

The president proposed it, Congress wrote it, and the Supreme Court upheld it.

Which of the following is NOT a way Congress can exert influence over the Executive Branch?

through the power of the purse

through limiting executive privilege

through veto power

through congressional investigations

through veto power