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prefix
word part found at the beginning of a word
root
word part that gives essential meaning of the word
combining vowel
single vowel, usually o, that is added to the end of a root to make the word easier to pronouce
combining form
the combination of the root and combining vowel
suffix
word part found at the end of a word
traumatic
root meaning pertaining to injury
a-
prefix. means without or no
uria
root means urination
an-
prefix means without or no
ab-
prefix away from
ad-
prefix means towards
emetic
root means pertaining to vomiting
anti-
prefix means against
dys-
prefix means difficult, painful, or bad
eu-
prefix means good, easy, or normal
endo-
prefix means within or inside
ex- or exo-
prefixes (2) means without, out of, outside, or away from
ecto-
prefix means outside
hyper-
prefix means elevated, higher, or more than normal
hypo-
prefix means depressed, lower, or less than normal
inter-
prefix means between
intra-
prefix means within
poly-
prefix means many or excessive
oligo-
prefix means scant or little
pre-
prefix means before
post-
prefix means after
sub-
prefix means below, under, or less
super- and supra-
prefixes (2) mean above, beyond, or excessive
peri-
prefix means around
epi-
prefix upper
extra-
prefix outside
infra-
prefix below or beneath
meta-
prefix beyond
per-
prefix througout
trans-
prefix across
ultra-
prefix above, increased, or more than normal
pan-
prefix all
leuk/o
combining form for white
gastr/o
combining form for stomach
enter/o
combining form for small intestine
arthr/o
combining form for joint
-penia
suffix deficiency or reduction in number
-tomy
suffix cutting into or incision
-stomy
suffix a surgically created opening
-ectomy
suffix surgical removal or excision
-ac
suffix pertaining to
-al
suffix pertaining to
-an
suffix pertaining to
-ary
suffix pertaining to
-eal
suffix pertaining to
-ic
suffix pertaining to
-ine
suffix pertaining to
-ous
suffix pertaining to
-tic
suffix pertaining to
-pexy
suffix suture to stabilize
-plasty
suffix surgical repair
-centesis
suffix surgical puncture to remove fluid or gas
-gram
suffix a record of
-graph
suffix instrument that records
-graphy
suffix the procedure that records
-lysis
suffix separation or breakdown
-scope
suffix instrument to visually examine
-scopy
suffix procedure to visually examine
-therapy
suffix treatment
-algia or -dynia
suffixes (2) pain
-itis
suffix inflammation
-malacia
suffix abnormal softening
-megaly
suffix enlargement
-osis
asuffix bnormal condition
-pathy
suffix disease
-sclerosis
suffix abnormal hardening
-um
suffix structure
ventral
refers to the belly or underside of a body or body part
dorsal
refers to the back
cranial
direction towards head
caudal
direction towards tail
rostral
direction towards nose end of the head
cephalic
means pertaining to the head
medial
direction toward the midline
lateral
direction away from midline
proximal
direction meaning nearest the beginning of a structure, like a leg
distal
direction meaning farthest from the beginning of a structure, like a leg
superficial
direction means near the surface
deep
direction means away from the surface
palmar
means the caudal surface of the manus (front paw) including the carpus
plantar
means the caudal surface of the pes (rear paw) including the tarsus
midsagittal plane
the plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves
sagittal plane
the plane that divides the body into unequal right and left parts
dorsal plane
the plane that divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts
anatomy
the study of body structure
physiology
the study of body function
pathology
the study of the nature, causes, and development of abnormal conditions
pathophysiology
the study of changes in function caused by disease
etiology
the study of disease
dental arcade
a term to describe how the teeth are arranged in the oral cavity
lingual surface
aspect of the tooth that faces the tongue (maxilla)
palatal surface
aspect of the tooth that faces the palate (mandible)
buccal surface
aspect of the tooth that faces the cheek
occlusal surfaces
aspects of the teeth that meet when you chew
labial surface
tooth surface facing the lips