Biology 9 - Unit 1 (Cell Organelles)

Prokaryotic Cell

No nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles

Eukaryotic

Nucleus contains DNA, membrane bound organelles

Nucleus

Controls all activities in the cell, contains DNA

Cell membrane

Protective barrier of the cell, controls what goes in/out of the cell

Cell wall

Protects the plant cell, gives a rectangular structure

Cytoplasm

Jelly-like substance that holds and supports all organelles

Mitochondria

Organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy is produced through cellular respiration, converts chemical energy into energy that is able to be used by the cell

Chloroplasts

Converts energy from the sun into chemical energy through photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll, only in plant

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Network of membrane covered channels, transport proteins to golgi body

Rough: has ribosomes

Smooth: none

Ribosomes

Produces protein, some on the cytoplasm others on E.R

Golgi body

Vesicles

smaller than vacuoles, transports proteins/nutrients/water in/out/around the cell

Vacuoles

Temporary storage compartment that stores water/waste/nutrients, large in plant cells, small in animal cells

Lysosomes

Breaks down waste