introduction to acids and bases

amino acids contain

both acidic and basic regions

protein structure

primary→secondary→tertiary→quaternary

what did rosalind franklin discover?

patterns that determined DNA looked like a coils using xrays

organisms require a specific __ to survive?

pH

what does an arrhenius acid produce?

H3O+

what does an arrhenius base produce?

OH-

what is a bronsted lowry acid?

proton donor

what is a bronsted lowry base?

proton acceptor

with a large Keq, Ka, or Kb, is the acid/base strong or weak?

strong

what are the 6 strong acids?

HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4, HCl, HBr, HI

what are the 6 strong bases?

LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2

carboxylic acid

COOH

oxyacid

HxEOy

amine

NH2

increasing acidity on the periodic table is

to the right (increasing electronegativity) and down (decreasing bond strength)

what charge does hydrogen have?

partially positive

what is the relationship between electronegativity and bond strength

the more electronegative groups in the bond, the weaker the bond is

basic pH

above 8

acidic pH

below 6

neutral pH

6-8

acidic pOH

above 8

basic pOH

below 6

neutral pOH

6-8

the stronger the acid, the ______ the conjugate base

weaker

the stronger the base, the ______ the conjugate acid

weaker

lewis acids

electron pair acceptors

lewis bases

electron pair donors