batteries

dry cell

• common in flashlights, toys

• use a paste electrolyte instead of liquid

• typically consists of Zn²+ anode, Carbon graphite cathode

• paste: MnO2, NH4Cl, H2O

lithium ion

• power electronics

• rechargeable

• high energy capacity

• anode: LiCoO2

• separator

• cathode: graphite

• stores energy by moving Li ions between anode + cathode

Pb

• lead storage

• car battery

• rechargeable

• Pb = anode

• Pb + Pb(IV)oxide = cathode

• 4M H2SO4

• generates electricity through redox rxn

H fuel

• makes electricity from H2 (gas)

• produces H2O + heat as byproduct

• environmentally friendly energy source

• converts chem en thru electrochem rxn w/ O2

• Pt catalyst: anion that splits H atoms into H+ ions + e-

• polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) allows H+ ions to pass thru to cath

• cathode: O2 + e- combines w/ H+ to make H2O

electrolytic cell

• uses electricity to produce chem rxn

• uses external power source to drive non spontaneous rxn

• splits H2O into H+ and O2

• used for metal plating