OT SURVERY MIDTERM

Theological Theme: The Old Testament

The glory of God in His reign

Theological Theme: 1–2 Kings

The KING’S Kingdom

Theological Theme: 1–2 Chronicles

God’s Relationship with His People

Theological Theme: Ezra

God Rebuilds His Nation

Theological Theme: Nehemiah

God Stabilizes His Nation

Theological Theme: Esther

God is Hidden but Active

Theological Theme: Job

The Question of Theodicy

Theological Theme: Psalms

Worship to the King

538 BC -- led by Zerubbabel and Joshua/Jeshua (Ezra 1-6)

The 1st wave of post-exilic return to the land

458 BC -- led by Ezra (Ezra 7-10)

The 2nd wave of post-exilic return to the land

445 BC -- led by Nehemiah (Nehemiah 1-13)

The 3rd wave of post-exilic return to the land

722 BC

When the Northern Kingdom was exiled

605 BC

When the 1st wave of the Southern Kingdom was exiled by Babylon

597 BC

When the 2nd wave of the Southern Kingdom was exiled by Babylon

586 BC

When the 3rd wave of the Southern Kingdom was exiled by Babylon

Solomon prays for a listening heart

1 Kings 3:9

The fear of Yahweh is wisdom, and to turn away from evil is understanding

Job 28:28

For Ezra has set his heart to study the law of Yahweh and to practice it, and teach his statute and judgement in Israel

Ezra 7:10

see I have taught you statutes and judgements just as Yahweh my God commanded me - you shall keep them and do them, for that is your wisdom and understanding

Deuteronomy 4:5-8

Kiss the son, lest he become angry, and you perish in the way, for his wrath may soon be kindled. How blessed are all who take refuge in him!

Psalms 2:12

Write this in a book as a memorial and recite it in Joshua’s hearing, that I will utterly blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven

Exodus 17:14

Jehoiada

The priest who led the revolt against Athaliah, put her to death, and put Joash on the throne

Athaliah

Tries to kill off the Davidic line and kills them all except one (grandma from Hell)

Jezebel

wife of Ahab - foreigner - super evil

Ahab

evil incarnate - more evil than all the others - washes Northern Kingdom in apostasy - has the contest with Elijah between Baal and Yahweh

Joash

the one person Athaliah couldn’t kill - has an awesome reign because of Jehoiada, but when he dies they forsake Yahweh and embrace idolatry

Hezekiah

open and restores the temple

Josiah

Yahweh postponed judgment because of him - devoted to Yahweh - rebuilds temple, covenant renewal ceremony, passover renewal

Elijah

demonstration of God’s mighty power with the contest with Ahab - speaks on God’s behalf, not other way around - not THE prophet greater than Moses

Elisha

his ministry deals with conquest - new defense for the nation

Manasseh

symbol of redemption - led Judah to do evil, but prays and repents

Cyrus

the king that releases Israel from exile

Uzziah

becomes proud, tries to burn incense in the temple and gets leprosy

Rehoboam

son of Solomon that forsakes Yahweh

Jehu

goes on a rampage and throws Jezebel out a window - prophecy in 2 Kings 10:30 about his family

Corporate solidarity

one for the many (works for the positive and the negative)

The exile

a worldview-shattering event

The Davidic covenant

1 Chronicles 17 - unilateral - infinity gauntlet (combines all other covenants)

Where the temple was built:

built on Mt Moriah on the threshing floor of Ornan, in Jerusalem

What the temple symbolizes:

symbol of God’s relationship with his people (designed to look like the Garden of Eden)

Inside of the temple:

God’s presence is present to provide (golden altar for atonement) 

outside of the temple:

giant basin of water (12,000 gallons) held by 12 oxen (12 tribes of Israel) - fate of the entire world is up to Israel - international impact

the genealogies in 1 Chronicles 1-9:

highlight reel of God’s love and faithfulness

Ezra’s genealogy in Ezra 7

descendent of Phineas

Why Nehemiah cared about rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem

flag/patriotic - represents the nation

Haman’s death and his sons’ deaths in the book of Esther

finally killed all the Amalekites (as promised in Exodus 17)

Why God’s name never appears in the book of Esther

omission of God’s name is deliberate - even though we don’t always get to see it, God is still active

Esther and Mordecai remain in Persia

should be in Israel at this point (between the 1st and 2nd wave of returners) - identifying with the pagans

imprecatory Psalms

praying against someone - not about personal vendettas

Melchizedek in Psalm 110:4

the proof that the offices of king and priest can be merged into one person

Israel is a:

theocracy

Ezra - “vertical”

Nehemiah - “horizontal”

Ezra rebuilds the temple (continues Chronicles)

Nehemiah rebuilds the walls and gates (continues Kings)

Elijah’s ministry and the type of power he displays

deals with the depth of God’s power

Elisha’s ministry and the type of power he displays

deals with the breadth of God’s power

The Psalms as wisdom literature and what it does on a macro level in relation to Deuteronomy 4:5–8

connected to the Mosaic covenant - declaration through the Mosaic Covenant that Israel has wisdom

wisdom

the ability to take the full counsel of God’s word and apply it rightly to any given situation

grace is Psalm 107

when God intervenes unilaterally - God alone acts decisively and definitively for your benefit

General revelation in Psalm 19

what’s been revealed in our created realm

Special revelation in Psalm 19

what God reveals directly to us through scripture

Synonymous parallelism

same thing from a different angle

antithetical parallelism

opposite things from 2 different angles

synthetic parallelism

one idea building on top/escalating

Chiasm

highlights and supports the center

4 applications of scripture:

1: worship and awe

2: to know

3: responding to God’s character

4: worldview

Yahweh rules by His WORD

how Yahweh rules in 1-2 Kings

what Baal was famous for controlling:

rain, fire, life/death

The prophecy of 2 Kings 10 concerning Jehu’s dynasty

only 4 sons from the line of Jehu will sit on the throne of the Northern Kingdom (ticking time bomb)

Assyria

nation that exiled the Northern Kingdom

Southern kingdom (Judah):

what kingdom 1-2 Chronicles focuses on:

1st: forgiveness (7:21)

2nd: a mediator (9:33)

3rd resurrection (14:14)

Job’s first, second, and third wish and what chapters they occur in

premodern, modern, postmodern

The cycles/rounds of debates in Job

Courtroom style

Eliphaz: historian

Bildad: scientist

Zophar: philosopher

Elihu: theologian

How Eliphaz, Bildad, Zophar, and Elihu argue

How the book of Ezra ends

sin makes everything complicated - choose between sin or more sin (illegal divorces)

how the book of Nehemiah ends

Israel is knee deep in paganism - the book demands something more …

Nehemiah

Which book(s) mark the end of the Old Testament timeline?

When were a majority of the Psalms written?

majority written in the time of King David (by David)

Psalms of Lament

most common Psalm - accompanied by a hinge - don’t forget who God is

what David is meditating on in Psalm 29:

A thunderstorm

The historical context behind the Psalms of Ascents in Psalms 120–134

would have been sung when an Israelite was on their journey to Jerusalem - multiple journeys: passover, feast of booths, pentecost, etc

What David has ultimate confidence toward in Psalm 16:9-10

David has ultimate confidence in the resurrection

Messianic

Psalm 2 and Psalm 110 are:

Full context of Psalm 22

dealing with Davids suffering or the Messiah’s suffering? - could not be talking about anything other than the Messiah - not just suffering by persecutor, but by God’s hand (execution) - implies resurrection

inspired

the superscripts in the Psalms are:

structure of Esther and what is highlighted:

CHIASTIC -- the fall of Hamon and rise of Mordecai