speech lang - unit 4

categorical speech perception

all infants can perceive and discriminate all speech sounds in all languages

perceptual narrowing; approx. 10 months

decreases: ability to discriminate between speech sounds that they have little/no exposure to

increases: ability to discriminate between speech sounds that they’re consistently exposed to

1st vocal development stage

vegetative sounds: grunts, sighs, burps, cries

2nd vocal development stage

QRNs (vowel like sounds), cooing and gooing, control of phonation/vocal play

3rd vocal development stage

canonical babbling, reduplicated, nonreduplicated

4th vocal development stage

jargon (long strings of unintelligible CV combonations that have adult like melody

6 years old

th (voiceless)

5 years

r, zh, th (voiced)

4 years

l, j, ch, s, v, sh, z

2-3 years

p, b, m, d, n, h, t, k, g, w, ng, f, y

vowel acquisition starts at ___ and ends at ___

starts: 2

ends: 4

syllable structure

monosyllabic utterances until age 2-3

syllable shape

structure of a syllable within a word

speech intelligibility

how well a persons speech can be understood by others

• speech clarity

• familer vs. unfamiliar listener

• known vs. unknown context

• utterance length