Atomic Structure & Ions

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to atomic structure and ions, focusing on definitions and explanations of essential terms.

Proton

A subatomic particle with a positive charge located in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutron

A subatomic particle with no charge located in the nucleus of an atom.

Electron

A subatomic particle with a negative charge that orbits around the nucleus of an atom.

Atomic Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines its element.

Mass Number

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Valence Electrons

Electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom.

Ion

An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a charge.

Cation

An ion with a positive charge formed by the loss of electrons.

Anion

An ion with a negative charge formed by the gain of electrons.

Isotope

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and thus different masses.