Muscle Anatomy - Upper Limb (Origins, Insertions, Actions, Innervation, Arterial Supply)

A set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on upper limb muscles: origins, insertions, actions, innervation, and arterial supply.

The insertion of the pectoralis major is on the __.

lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (humerus)

The sternocostal head of the pectoralis major originates from the sternum, costal cartilages 1–6, and the __.

aponeurosis of external oblique

Pectoralis major is innervated by the __ nerves.

lateral and medial pectoral nerves

The arterial supply to the pectoralis major is via the pectoral branch of the __.

thoracoacromial artery

The clavicular head of pec major _ the humerus

Flexes

The action of pec major is

Adduct & medially rotate humerus

Pectoralis major forms the __ fold.

anterior axillary

The clavicular head of the pectoralis major flexes the __.

humerus

The innervation of the subclavius is the

Nerve to subclavius (c5, c6)

The sternocostal head of the pectoralis major extends the humerus from a __ position.

flexed

Pectoralis minor inserts on the __ (medial border, superior surface).

coracoid process

Pectoralis minor is innervated by the __ nerve (C8–T1).

medial pectoral nerve

Pectoralis minor receives arterial supply from the pectoral branch of the __ artery.

thoracoacromial

The action of pec minor is

Protract & depress scapula

The origin of the subclavius is the 1st rib and costal cartilage, and it inserts on the __ surface of the clavicle.

inferior

The clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial artery supplies the __.

subclavius

Subclavius protects the __ vessels from clavicle fracture.

subclavian (plexus/vessels)

Deltoid inserts on the __.

deltoid tuberosity

The anterior fibers of the deltoid _ the arm; the middle fibers ; the posterior fibers __.

flex/medially rotate; abduct above 15, extend/laterally rotate

The deltoid is innervated by the __ nerve (C5–C6).

axillary nerve

The deltoid receives arterial supply from the __ artery.

posterior circumflex humeral artery

The deltoid is the main abductor after __° of arm abduction.

15

Supraspinatus inserts on the greater tubercle at the __ facet.

superior

The supraspinatous muscle is innervated by the __.

Suprascapular

The supraspinatus is supplied by the __ artery.

suprascapular artery

the supraspinatous does

Abduction below 15°

Common rotator cuff tear site is the __.

supraspinatus

Infraspinatus inserts on the greater tubercle at the __ facet.

middle

Infraspinatus action is __ rotation of the arm.

external

The infraspinatus is innervated by the __ nerve.

suprascapular nerve

The infraspinatus is supplied by the __ artery.

suprascapular artery

Ter es minor inserts on the greater tubercle at the __ facet.

inferior

Ter es minor action is __ rotation of the arm.

external

Ter es minor is innervated by the __ nerve (C5–C6).

axillary nerve

Ter es minor receives arterial supply from the __ artery.

circumflex scapular artery

Subscapularis inserts on the __.

lesser tubercle

Subscapularis action is __ rotation of the arm &

Internal, adduction of humerus

Subscapularis is innervated by the __ nerves (C5–C6).

upper and lower subscapular nerves

Subscapularis receives arterial supply from the __ artery.

subscapular artery

Teres major is innervated by the __ nerve (C5–C6).

lower subscapular nerve

Teres major arterial supply comes from the __ artery.

circumflex scapular artery

Muscles that do internal rotation & adduction of humerus

Teres major, subscapularis

Muscles responsible for external rotation of humerus

Infraspinatous, teres minor

Teres major does

Adduction, internal rotation of humerus

Biceps brachii has a short head that originates from the and a long head from the .

coracoid process; supraglenoid tubercle

Biceps brachii inserts on the __ and bicipital aponeurosis.

radial tuberosity

Biceps brachii, and the long head assists in _ of brachium

Flexes forearm, supinates hand, flexion

Biceps brachii is innervated by the __ nerve (C5–C7).

musculocutaneous nerve

Brachialis inserts on the __ process and the proximal ulna.

coronoid process; ulna tuberosity

All 3 heads of triceps brachii assist with , the long head assists in

Extension of forearm, extension & adduction of brachium

Brachialis is primarily a(n) __

elbow flexor (flexes in all positions)

Coracobrachialis inserts on the __ of the humerus (midshaft).

medial surface of the humerus

Coracobrachialis is innervated by the __ nerve (C5–C7).

musculocutaneous nerve

Coracobrachialis does

Flexion & adduction of arm

Triceps brachii inserts on the __.

olecranon

Triceps brachii long head originates from the infraglenoid tubercle; the lateral head from the posteroateral humerus and the medial head from the posterior humerus at/near the radial groove. The triceps is innervated by the __ nerve (C6–C8).

radial nerve

The profunda brachii artery supplies the __ muscle group.

triceps brachii (and others)

Anconeus assists with elbow __.

extension

Pronator teres inserts on the __ radius.

lateral

Pronator teres is innervated by the __ nerve between its two heads.

median nerve

Flexor carpi radialis inserts on the base of the __ metacarpal.

second

Flexor carpi radialis is innervated by the __ nerve.

median nerve

Flexor carpi radialis arterial supply is via the __ artery.

radial artery

Flexor digitorum superficialis inserts on the __ of digits 2–5.

middle phalanges

Flexor digitorum superficialis is innervated by the __ nerve.

median nerve (C7–T1)

Flexor digitorum profundus inserts on the __ phalanges of digits 2–5.

distal

Flexor digitorum profundus is innervated by the lateral part via the nerve (AIN) and the medial part by the nerve.

median (AIN); ulnar

The flexor digitorum profundus is supplied by the __ and anterior interosseous arteries.

ulnar artery; anterior interosseous artery

The only muscle that flexes the DIP joints is the __.

flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor pollicis longus inserts on the distal phalanx of the __.

thumb

Flexor pollicis longus is innervated by the __ nerve (AIN).

median nerve

Flexor pollicis longus arterial supply is via the __ artery.

anterior interosseous artery

Pronator quadratus inserts on the distal ends of the and the .

ulna; radius

Pronator quadratus is innervated by the __ nerve (AIN).

median nerve

Brachioradialis inserts on the __.

distal radius

Brachioradialis flexes the elbow most effectively when the forearm is in __ pronation.

mid

Extensor carpi radialis longus inserts on the base of the __ metacarpal.

second

Extensor carpi radialis brevis inserts on the base of the __ metacarpal.

third

Extensor digitorum extends digits at the MCP and IP via the __ expansions.

extensor

Extensor digiti minimi extends the 5th digit via its __ expansion.

extensor

Extensor carpi ulnaris inserts on the base of the __ metacarpal.

5th

Supinator inserts on the proximal part of the radius near the __.

proximal

Abductor pollicis longus inserts on the base of the __ metacarpal.

1st

Abductor pollicis longus abducts and extends the thumb at the __ joint (CMC).

carpometacarpal

Extensor pollicis longus inserts on the distal phalanx of the __.

thumb

Extensor pollicis brevis inserts on the proximal phalanx of the __.

thumb

Extensor indicis inserts on the extensor expansion of the __ digit.

2nd

The thenar muscles (APB, FPB, Opponens) are innervated mainly by the __ nerve via its recurrent branch.

median nerve

Adductor pollicis inserts on the proximal phalanx of the thumb and __ the thumb.

adducts

Adductor pollicis is innervated by the __ nerve (deep branch).

ulnar nerve

hyp othenar muscles are supplied by the __ artery (deep branch).

deep branch of the ulnar artery

Lumbricals 1–2 are innervated by the nerve; digits 3–4 by the nerve.

median nerve; ulnar nerve

Palmar interossei are responsible for finger (PAD) and are innervated by the nerve.

adduction; ulnar nerve

Dorsal interossei abduct fingers (DAB) and are innervated by the __ nerve.

ulnar nerve