Causes of obesity
Overeating, Lack of exercise, poor nutritional knowledge/eating patterns, low income, busy lifestyles, emotional reasons, medical conditions
Associated health problems with obesity
Heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, varicose veins, gout
Treatment of obesity
Maintain a balanced diet, reduce portion sizes, cut down on energy intake, increase daily exercise, plan meals in advance, avoid convenience foods
Types of vegetarianism
Vegans, Lacto-vegetarians
Reasons for vegetarianism
Ethical reasons, health, religion, environmental, preference
Guidelines for vegetarianism
Eggs and cheese, plant-based protein sources, foods fortified with vitamin B12/supplement, iron-rich plant foods
Health problems associated with too much salt
High bloodpressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, fluid retention, kidney damage
Reducing salt intake
No salt on the table, don’t add when cooking, avoid processed foods, salty snacks & cured meats, use low-salt products, study food labels
Health problems associated with too much saturated fat
Coronary heart disease, heart attack, stroke
Reducing saturated fat intake
Avoid high-cholesterol foods, choose low-cholesterol, trim off excess fat, avoid ret meat, grill, bake, steam, microwave, avoid fatty snacks
Increasing fibre intake
Choose wholegrain, high-fibre cereals, eat fruit and veg skins, snack on high fibre foods, drink plenty of water
Health problems associated with too much sugar
Obesity, type 2 diabetes, dental disease
Reducing sugar intake
Avoid junk foods, use artificial sweeteners, choose low-sugar snacks, study food labels
Type 1 diabetes
Usually diagnosed in childhood, hereditary, daily injections needed, pancreas produces little to no insulin
Type 2 diabetes
Associated with being overweight, usually occurs 40+, usually treated by tablets, weight loss and a low sugar diet
Guidelines for diabetes
Follow medical advice, take insulin, monitor blood sugar levels, eat regular meals, high-fibre carbohydrates, maintain a healthy weight
Allergies
Immune systems reacts to particular substances
Intolerances
Can harm long term health
Coeliac disease
Villi of SI damaged by gluten
Lactose intolerance
Lactose cannot be digested