Fatty Liver Disease

fatty liver disease is also referred to as ____

hepatic steatosis

disorder characterized by fatty deposits (triglycerides) within hepatocytes

fatty liver disease/hepatic steatosis

causes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:

• starvation

• obesity

• chemotherapy

• diabetes

• hyperlipidemia

• pregnancy

• von gierke disease (glycogen storage disease type 1)

• total parental hyperalimentation

• severe hepatitis

• cystic fibrosis

• intestinal bypass sx for obesity

• use of some drugs such as corticosteroids

most common liver disorder in western world

nonalcoholic liver disease

most common cause of chronic liver disease, hepatic failure, and liver cancer

nonalcoholic liver disease

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is both ____ and ____

acquired and reversible

fatty liver disease is the hepatic manifestation of ____ syndrome

metabolic

fatty liver disease can lead to ____

steatohepatitis

inflammation of liver secondary to fatty liver disease

steatohepatitis

____ can be caused by alcoholic or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

steatohepatitis

NASH

nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

precursor for chronic liver disease leading to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC

steatohepatitis

____ is warranted to accurately diagnose steatohepatitis

biopsy

fatty liver is often ____

asymptomatic

fatty liver can be described as____ based on sonographic visualization of both hepatic vasculature and diaphragm

mild, moderate, or severe

fatty changes within liver can be ____

diffuse or focal

____ infiltration will cause liver to appear diffusely echogenic and be more difficult to penetrate

diffuse

liver segment affected by ____ will appear as an area of ↑ echogenicity and can appear much like a solid, hyperechoic mass

focal fatty infiltration

with ____, the liver is involved with diffuse fatty infiltration, with certain areas spared that appear much like a solid, hypoechoic mass or possibly even fluid

focal fatty sparing

focal fatty infiltration and focal fatty sparing occur near ____

porta hepatis and LT MED segment

clinical findings of fatty liver disease

• asymptomatic

• alcohol abuse

• chemotherapy

• diabetes

• ↑ LFTs (specifically AST and ALT)

• hyperlipidemia

• obesity

• pregnancy

• von gierke disease

sonographic findings of diffuse fatty liver disease:

• diffusely echogenic liver

• ↑ attenuation of sound beam

• wall of hepatic vasculature and diaphragm not easily imaged

sonographic findings of focal fatty infiltration:

• hyperechoic area adjacent to gb near porta hepatis, or part of a lobe may appear echogenic

sonographic findings of focal fatty sparing:

• hypoechoic area adjacent to gb near porta hepatis, or part of a lobe or an entire lobe may be spared

• can appear much like pericholecystic fluid when identified adjacent to gb