Gross II Exam 1

What nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve?

infraorbital nerve

A condition that’s most common in the maxillary division?

trigeminal neuralgia

In congestive heart failure, the internal jugular vein becomes prominent?

false

You need to use caution when palpating the submental triangle due to many vital neuromuscular structures?

false

Many vital neurovascular structures are contained in the submandibular triangle and caution should be used when palpating?

true

The thyroid gland is a part of the muscular triangle?

true

What’s not a part of the carotid sheath?

external carotid artery

Pretrachial fascia may allow infection to spread from head and neck to the mediastinum directly?

true

Broken 1st rib on penetrating a wound of neck may cause?

atelactasis

Approx. what percent of thyroid glands have a pyramidal lobe?

50%

What type of goiter is due to dieters deficiency of iodine?

endemic goiter

The parathyroid glands are endocrine glands which are involved in?

calcium homeostasis

Esophagus begins in the neck at the level of C6 and lies?

posterior to the trachea

What two arteries represent the terminal branches of the external carotid?

Superficial temporal and maxillary arteries.

What’s the function of the carotid body?

it’s a chemoreceptor

What’s not a tributary of the internal jugular vein?

inferior thyroid

What nerve senses pain in acute pharyngitis?

pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve

What senses pain in otitis externa (swimmers ear)?

auricular branch of the vagus nerve.

What nerve is motor to the cricothyroid and inferior constrictor muscles?

external laryngeal nerve

What nerve damage would cause paralysis to all muscles of the larynx besides cricothyroid?

recurrent laryngeal nerve

What is not a branch of the hypoglossal nerve?

ansa cervicalis

What duct opens up into the sublingual caruncle?

submandibular duct

What are the posterior openings of the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx?

choanae

The lacrimal bone is part of the lateral wall?

truec

What’s caused by a rupture of the sphenopalatine artery?

severe epistaxis

Most frequently prone sinus to the infection due to drainage openings being in superior position?

maxillary sinus

An infection of the nasal cavity can spread to the nasopharynx via choanae causing acute pharnygitis?

true

Which boundary is the oropharyngeal isthmus, demarcated by the palatoglossal arch?

posterior

What lies between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arch on each side and contains the palatine tonsils?

tonsillar fossa

Damage to what nerve will cause the uvula to deviate to one side?

pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve

What’s the posterior surface of the first molar?

distal

What replaces deciduous molars?

premolars

What’s the special band of muscle around the superior contractor muscle that helps to seal pharyngeal isthmus?

palatopharyngeal sphincter

The inferior/middle/superior contractors all insert on the pharyngeal raphe?

true

The salopingopharyngeal and tensor veli palatine both work together to open the pharnygotympanic tube?

true

What’s the space you look for widening in an X-ray after cervical trauma hemmorrhage?

retropharyngeal space

What nerve senses pain in the otitis media?

tympanic nerve

What’s the clinical term for facial nerve paralysis?

Bell’s Palsy

What nerve to the maxillary division of the trigeminal is most frequently damaged with blows to the face?

infraorbital nerve

What’s the 2nd most common division of CN V for trigeminal neuralgia?

mandibular division

T/F C1 spinal nerve carries sensory info.

False; it primarily carries motor information.

What muscle receives innervation strictly from C1 fibers through the hypoglossal nerve?

thyrohyoid

A 40y/o patient walks in w/complaints of neck pain. Their head is tilted toward the left and their face is turned to the right. What are they suffering from?

torticollis

What does prominent external jugular vein suggest?

increased thoracic pressure, especially in people that sing or play bagpipes

What gland produces T-lymphocytes?

Thymus

What type of goiter is due to an autoimmune disease and displays symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

Exothalmic goiter

What are the 2 hormones produced by the thyroid gland?

Thyroxine and calcitonin

T/F the esophagus lies posterior to the trachea

true

What min structure does the internal carotid artery supply?

brain

Carotid sinus is a _____ which senses BP.

baroreceptor

What are the 2 terminal branches of the external carotid artery?

superficial temporal and maxillary A.

What branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve senses pain in otitis media?

tympanic nerve

What results from unilateral damage of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

respiratory distress, hoarseness (partial aphonia)

What muscle is pierced by the intermediate tendon of digastric?

stylohyoid

What gland empties into the floor of the mouth by 12 shor ducts?

sublingual gland

T/F the glossopharyngeal nerve crosses under the submandibular duct.

False (Lingual nerve)

Besides birth injury or postnatal trauma, what else can cause a deviated septum?

congenital malformations

What’s the function of the nasal concha?

increase SA, cleans, moistens, and warms inspired air, and increases turbulence. All improve olfaction

What recieves the opening of the nasolacrimal duct?

inferior nasal meatus

Hiatus semilunaris recieves the opening of _____ sinus.

maxillary

What/s the most important blood supply to the nasal cavity?

sphingopalatine artery (highly vascularized)

Why is the maxillary sinus most prone to infection?

due to its anatomic position, it has a unique uphill drainage

A nasal cavity infection spreads via the nasolacrimal duct can cause?

conjunctivitis (pink eye)

What are the boundaries of the oropharyngeal isthmus?

palatoglossal arches

The tonsillar fossa lies between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches on each side, this contains the ____ tonsils

palatine

A patient presents w/uvula deviation to the right. What nerve is damaged?

Left Vagus nerve

T/F the anterior 1/3 of the palate is made up of bone.

False —> anterior 2/3

What is the V-shaped groove that seperates the tongue into an oral and oropharyngeal part?

Sulcus terminalis

What papillae is associated w/gag reflex?

Vallate papillae

What nerve supplies general sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Lingual nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3).

T/F the fungiform papillae contain taste buds.

True

What extrinsic muscle of the tongue is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

Palatoglossal muscle, which is innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X).

How many molars of deciduous teeth are in each quadrant?

2 molars in each quadrant

What’s the chewing surface of the tooth?

occlusal surface

What muscle beside the tensor veli palatini open the pharyngotympanic tube?

salpingopharyngeus

What muscle of the pharynx is not innervated by the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus?

stylopharyngeus

What is the potential space in the pharnyx that when filled with fluid, can cause suffocation?

retropharyngeal space