ITM 711 - Cloud Computing

Cloud computing

On demand ability of computer system resources especially data storage

What are Business Drivers ?

Reasons that motivate organizations to adopt cloud computing in support of their business automation

What are the 3 types of business drivers?

Capacity planning, cost reduction, organizational agility

Capacity Planning

Process of determining and fulfilling future demands of an organization's IT resources, products, and services

Capacity represents the maximum amount of work that an IT resource is able to deliver in a given period of time

What is the discrepancy between the Capacity of an IT resource and its demand?

Can result in a system becoming either inefficient (over - provisioning) or unable to fulfill use needs (under-provisioning)

What are the three capacity planning strategies?

Lead Strategy, Lag strategy, Match Strategy

What is Lead strategy?

Adding capacity to an IT resource in anticipation of demand

What is Lag Strategy?

Adding capacity when the IT resource reaches its full capacity

What is Match Strategy?

Adding IT resource capacity in small increments, as demand increases

Business Drivers: Cost Reduction

Direct alignment between IT costs and business performance can be difficult to maintain

What are the two costs that need to be accounted for

1. The cost of acquiring new infrastructure

2. The cost of its ongoing ownership

Business Driver: Organization Agility

The ability to adapt and evolve to successfully face change caused by both internal and external factors

Measure of an organization's responsiveness to change

Cloud

Designed for the purpose of remotely provisioning scalable and measured IT resources

IT Resource

An IT resource is a physical or virtual IT-related artifact

Either be software based, such as a virtual server or a custom software program, or hardware-based, such as a physical server or a network device.

On - presmise

Controlled IT environment that is not cloud based

A company hosts everything in-house in an on-premise environment, while in a cloud environment, a third-party provider hosts all that for you

Can access & interact with a cloud - IT resource

Scaling

Represents the ability of the IT resource to handle increased and decreased usage demands

Scaling : Horizontal

Scaling out and scaling in

Increasing the capacity of a system by adding additional machines (nodes)

Refers to the allocation or releasing of resources of the same type

Ex. Adding a virtual machine to a cluster of virtual machines

Scaling : Vertical

Scaling up and scaling out

The process of increasing the power of an existing system

Occurs when an existing resource is replaced by another

Ex. Increasing CPU or RAM to meet demands

What are the four risk and challenges to cloud computing?

1. Increased security vulnerabilities

2. Reduced operational governance control

3. Limited portability between cloud providers

4. Multi-Regional compliance and legal issues

Increased Security Vulnerabilities

The overlapping of trust and the increased exposure of data can provide malicious cloud

Reduced Operational Governance Control

Allotted a level of governance control that is lower than that over on - premise

Limited Portability Between Cloud Providers

Due to a lack of established industry standards within the industry public cloud

Multi-regional compliance & legal issues

Some consumers will often not be aware of the physical location of their IT resources

Ex. Some UK laws require personal data belonging to UK citizens to be kept within United Kingdom

Cloud provider

The organization that provides cloud based IT resources is the cloud provider

Some "resell" IT resources leased from other cloud providers

Cloud consumer

Consumes IT resources made available by the cloud provider

Cloud service owner

Legally owns a cloud service

Cloud Auditor

A third-party that conducts independent unbiased assessment of cloud environments

Cloud broker

A party that assumes the responsibility of managing and negotiating

Cloud carrier

Party responsible for providing the wire-level connectivity between cloud consumers and cloud providers

Organizational Boundary

Represents the physical perimeter that surrounds a set of IT resources that are owned and governed by an organization

Trust Boundary

Assumes the role of cloud consumer to access cloud based IT resources

Cloud characteristics: On-demand usage

Allows a cloud consumer to self provision and use necessary cloud - based services without requiring cloud provider

A consumer can request and receive access to service offering

Cloud characteristics: Ubiquitous access

Represents the ability for a cloud service to be widely accessible

Ex. Accessible through various devices, networks and platforms

Cloud characteristics: Multitenancy

Enables an instance of the program to serve different consumers whereby each is isolated

Ex. Cloud computing and software as a service application

Cloud characteristics: Elasticity

Automated ability of a cloud to a transparently scale IT resources

Ability to quickly expand or decrease computer processing, memory, and storage resources

Cloud characteristics: Measure Usage

Not limited to tracking statistics for billing purposes

Cloud characteristics: Resiliency

A form of failover that distributes redundant

Cloud Delivery Models

represents a specific combination or IT resources offered by a cloud provider

3 Common Cloud delivery models

Infrastructure-as-a-Service

Platform-as-a-Service

Software-as-a-Service

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

A type of cloud computing service that offers essential compute, storage, and networking resources on demand,

Ex. Pay as you go basis

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A cloud service in which consumers can install and run their own specialized applications on the cloud computing network.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

a software distribution model in which service providers host applications and makes them available to end users over the internet

Combining cloud delivery models:

IaaS + PaaS

Be built upon an underlying infrastructure comparable to the physical and virtual servers

Iaas + PaaS + SaaS

IaaS +PaaS environments hosting three SaaS cloud service implements

Cloud deployment models

represents a specific type of cloud environment

Four Cloud Deployment Models

public, private, community, hybrid

Public Cloud

Provides cloud services to just about anyone

Community cloud

A cloud that is open only to specific organizations that have common concerns.

Private cloud

Exclusively used by a single organization

Ideal for organizations with strict security and compliance requiremetns

Hybrid clouds

Comprised of two or more different cloud deployment models

Extra : Virtual Private Cloud