NURS 410 QOW

healthy people 2030

national health agenda

primary level of prevention

dental sealant program in elementay school

secondary level of prevention

HIV screening programs held on weekends

tertiary level of prevention

diabetes foot care clinic

community

group of people that share geographical or social parameters

core functions

assessment, policy development, assurance

public health nursing

focuses on populations as a whole

aggregate/population

individuals that share 1 or more personal or environmental characteristics

assessment

monitor health status to identify health problems

assessment

diagnose and investigate health problems and hazards in a community

assessment, policy development, & assurance

research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems

policy development

mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems

policy development

develop policies and plans that support individual & community health efforts

policy development

inform, educate, and empower people about health issues

assurance

enforce laws & regulations that protect and ensure safety

assurance

assure a competent public and personal health care workforce

assurance

evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services

assurance

link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable

affective domain

involves changes in attitudes and the development of feelings & values

psychomotor domain

involves the performance of tasks and skills

cognitive domain

relies on memory, recognition, understanding, thinking, and knowledge

primary level of prevention

avoidance of the initial occurrence of an illness or injury

secondary level of prevention

efforts aimed at early detection & treatment

tertiary level of prevention

addresses complications that may cause disability

Knowles Learning Model

adult learning theory ensuring that individuals are involved in the learning process

health maintenance

behaviors that attempt to keep the current state of health

health belief model

people must believe their efforts will be successful

ecological model

person-environment-behavior all interact simultaneously; holistic approach to care

ethnocentrism

devaluing of practices and beliefs that are not your own

causes of homelessness

poverty, sudden loss of income, substance abuse, de-institutionalization of persons w/ mental illness

federal poverty level

updated annually; determines who receives services and who does not

marginalized people

vulnerable populations on the fringe of society; feel unimportant and powerless

gray area population

those with too much income to qualify for basic health services but too poor to purchase healthcare on their own

ethnicity

shared feeling among individuals of a certain group

social darwinism

people wrongly assume that those who can afford services are those who are worthy to receive them

cycle of vulnerability

risk, predisposing factors, negative health outcomes, more risk

advantages of home health care

client can exercise autonomy; nurse can accurately assess a client’s support system

challenges of home health care

abundance of health care resources; can balance altruism with realism

goal of palliative care

to increase quality of life through symptom management

migrant

transient, seasonal farm worker

refugee

person unwilling to return to their native country

fair labor standards act

allows children as young as 10 years old to work in fields w/ their parents

migrant health act

led to development of specialized health centers for vulnerable populations

immigrant

permanent resident of a new host country

infant mortality rate

sensitive indicator of health in a community

unintentional injuries

most important cause of disease, disability, and death

protection

goal for immunization

false

T or F: natural immunity is better than vaccine-produced immunity

passive immunity

transfer of antibodies from mother to baby; short-term response

lack of education, homelessness, and poverty

factors that increase vulnerability

identification of who is eligible for free vaccines

vital primary prevention activity for children

smoking

most preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the US

false

T or F: the most dangerous time for a victim of abuse is immediately before the victim leaves their partner

false

T or F: domestic violence occurs only in low-income, uneducated, and minority populations

false

T or F: the CHN can participate in secondary levels of prevention by teaching families about socio-cultural risk factors for domestic violence

true

T or F: the majority of homicides are carried out by someone who knew the victim

true

T or F: the CHN should recognize a child with unexplained injury as a possible victim of child abuse

true

T or F: initial vandalism acts that become more violent are associated with gang activity

false

T or F: cognitively intact older adults are at highest risk for elder abuse

true

T or F: communities that implement strategies aimed at reducing violence will be safer and healthier communities

true

T or F: violence deeply influences a community’s reputation and economic climate

dependence

stage of substance abuse that leads to addiction if not treated

substance abuse by parent

risk factor for substance abuse

substance use disorder

new name for substance abuse

antabuse

pharmacotherapy for alcohol abuse

narcan

intervention for opioid overdose

relapse

an expected part of recovery

methamphetamine

releases dopamine release and hyperactivity

simian crease

symptom of fetal alcohol syndrome

methadone and buprenorphrine clinics

harm reduction approaches

validity

measured by sensitivity & specificity

prevalence

measure of both old & new cases in a population at a particular time

case fatality rate

number of deaths from a disease in a given period of time divided by the number of people diagnosed with the disease

determinants/analytical epidemiology

factors that influence the pattern of disease

communicable period

time during which the agent is able to transfer from one infected host to another non-infected host

incidence

the number of new cases of a disease within a specific period of time

reliability

consistency, reliability, repeatability

endemic

constant presence of disease within a geographic location

distribution/descriptive epidemiology

tells the story of an event (who, what, when, where, why)

incubation period

time between the invasion of the agent upon the host and time of 1st clinical symptom

global burden of disease

considers rates of death, disability, and lifespan

pandemic

disease that occurs worldwide affecting large populations

malaria

diagnosis is confirmed with blood smear

communicable diseases

responsible for high rates of death in underdeveloped countries

tuberculosis

coinfection w/ HIV complicates treatment

malnutrition

best indicator of children’s health status

cold (chills)

first stage of malaria

hot (fever)

second stage of malaria

wet (sweats)

third stage of malaria

extrapolation

studying the effects of chemicals on animals and then establishing what effects may be on humans

IPREPARE

model used for assessing environmental health

risk communication

right information, right people, right time

risk assessment

process determines probability of health threat associated w/ environmental exposure

children

most vulnerable to environmental pollutants b/c they are immature and immunocompromised

beneficence

doing good; benefitting others and ensuring + outcomes

moral dilemma

when morals conflict w/ one another

ANA code of ethics

set of moral principles, values, or philosophy that guides nursing decision-making actions

nonmaleficence

avoiding or preventing harm to others as a consequence of your own actions and choices

respect

treating people as unique, equal, and valued members of the health care team

disaster denial

a common human defensive reaction even when disaster is right on top of community