Studied by 2 people
healthy people 2030
national health agenda
primary level of prevention
dental sealant program in elementay school
secondary level of prevention
HIV screening programs held on weekends
tertiary level of prevention
diabetes foot care clinic
community
group of people that share geographical or social parameters
core functions
assessment, policy development, assurance
public health nursing
focuses on populations as a whole
aggregate/population
individuals that share 1 or more personal or environmental characteristics
assessment
monitor health status to identify health problems
assessment
diagnose and investigate health problems and hazards in a community
assessment, policy development, & assurance
research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems
policy development
mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
policy development
develop policies and plans that support individual & community health efforts
policy development
inform, educate, and empower people about health issues
assurance
enforce laws & regulations that protect and ensure safety
assurance
assure a competent public and personal health care workforce
assurance
evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services
assurance
link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable
affective domain
involves changes in attitudes and the development of feelings & values
psychomotor domain
involves the performance of tasks and skills
cognitive domain
relies on memory, recognition, understanding, thinking, and knowledge
primary level of prevention
avoidance of the initial occurrence of an illness or injury
secondary level of prevention
efforts aimed at early detection & treatment
tertiary level of prevention
addresses complications that may cause disability
Knowles Learning Model
adult learning theory ensuring that individuals are involved in the learning process
health maintenance
behaviors that attempt to keep the current state of health
health belief model
people must believe their efforts will be successful
ecological model
person-environment-behavior all interact simultaneously; holistic approach to care
ethnocentrism
devaluing of practices and beliefs that are not your own
causes of homelessness
poverty, sudden loss of income, substance abuse, de-institutionalization of persons w/ mental illness
federal poverty level
updated annually; determines who receives services and who does not
marginalized people
vulnerable populations on the fringe of society; feel unimportant and powerless
gray area population
those with too much income to qualify for basic health services but too poor to purchase healthcare on their own
ethnicity
shared feeling among individuals of a certain group
social darwinism
people wrongly assume that those who can afford services are those who are worthy to receive them
cycle of vulnerability
risk, predisposing factors, negative health outcomes, more risk
advantages of home health care
client can exercise autonomy; nurse can accurately assess a client’s support system
challenges of home health care
abundance of health care resources; can balance altruism with realism
goal of palliative care
to increase quality of life through symptom management
migrant
transient, seasonal farm worker
refugee
person unwilling to return to their native country
fair labor standards act
allows children as young as 10 years old to work in fields w/ their parents
migrant health act
led to development of specialized health centers for vulnerable populations
immigrant
permanent resident of a new host country
infant mortality rate
sensitive indicator of health in a community
unintentional injuries
most important cause of disease, disability, and death
protection
goal for immunization
false
T or F: natural immunity is better than vaccine-produced immunity
passive immunity
transfer of antibodies from mother to baby; short-term response
lack of education, homelessness, and poverty
factors that increase vulnerability
identification of who is eligible for free vaccines
vital primary prevention activity for children
smoking
most preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the US
false
T or F: the most dangerous time for a victim of abuse is immediately before the victim leaves their partner
false
T or F: domestic violence occurs only in low-income, uneducated, and minority populations
false
T or F: the CHN can participate in secondary levels of prevention by teaching families about socio-cultural risk factors for domestic violence
true
T or F: the majority of homicides are carried out by someone who knew the victim
true
T or F: the CHN should recognize a child with unexplained injury as a possible victim of child abuse
true
T or F: initial vandalism acts that become more violent are associated with gang activity
false
T or F: cognitively intact older adults are at highest risk for elder abuse
true
T or F: communities that implement strategies aimed at reducing violence will be safer and healthier communities
true
T or F: violence deeply influences a community’s reputation and economic climate
dependence
stage of substance abuse that leads to addiction if not treated
substance abuse by parent
risk factor for substance abuse
substance use disorder
new name for substance abuse
antabuse
pharmacotherapy for alcohol abuse
narcan
intervention for opioid overdose
relapse
an expected part of recovery
methamphetamine
releases dopamine release and hyperactivity
simian crease
symptom of fetal alcohol syndrome
methadone and buprenorphrine clinics
harm reduction approaches
validity
measured by sensitivity & specificity
prevalence
measure of both old & new cases in a population at a particular time
case fatality rate
number of deaths from a disease in a given period of time divided by the number of people diagnosed with the disease
determinants/analytical epidemiology
factors that influence the pattern of disease
communicable period
time during which the agent is able to transfer from one infected host to another non-infected host
incidence
the number of new cases of a disease within a specific period of time
reliability
consistency, reliability, repeatability
endemic
constant presence of disease within a geographic location
distribution/descriptive epidemiology
tells the story of an event (who, what, when, where, why)
incubation period
time between the invasion of the agent upon the host and time of 1st clinical symptom
global burden of disease
considers rates of death, disability, and lifespan
pandemic
disease that occurs worldwide affecting large populations
malaria
diagnosis is confirmed with blood smear
communicable diseases
responsible for high rates of death in underdeveloped countries
tuberculosis
coinfection w/ HIV complicates treatment
malnutrition
best indicator of children’s health status
cold (chills)
first stage of malaria
hot (fever)
second stage of malaria
wet (sweats)
third stage of malaria
extrapolation
studying the effects of chemicals on animals and then establishing what effects may be on humans
IPREPARE
model used for assessing environmental health
risk communication
right information, right people, right time
risk assessment
process determines probability of health threat associated w/ environmental exposure
children
most vulnerable to environmental pollutants b/c they are immature and immunocompromised
beneficence
doing good; benefitting others and ensuring + outcomes
moral dilemma
when morals conflict w/ one another
ANA code of ethics
set of moral principles, values, or philosophy that guides nursing decision-making actions
nonmaleficence
avoiding or preventing harm to others as a consequence of your own actions and choices
respect
treating people as unique, equal, and valued members of the health care team
disaster denial
a common human defensive reaction even when disaster is right on top of community
Note
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