recognise the duration and capacity of sensory memory (including iconic and echoic), and short-term and long-term memory

What is memory

taking something observed and converting it into a form we can store, retrieve and apply everyday

What are the 3 processes of memory

encoding

storage

retrieval

encoding

the initial learning of info putting the info into your brain

storage

maintaining encoded info to use later

to make it easier to recover when needed

retrieval

process of getting info back from long-term memory to be used in working memory

who proposed multi-store model of memory

atkinson and shiffrin 1968

what does multi-store model of memory suggest

memory is comprised of 3 memory stores that operate simultaneously and interact

rehearsal and retrieval cues key to remembering

duration memory

the amount of time a memory lasts for

capacity memory

the amount of information

sensory memory

very brief - info transferred to short-term memory

our senses receive environmental stimuli

info not entered awareness

what happens if sensory memory is paid attention to

enters short-term memory

sensory memory capacity

unlimited

sensory memory duration

0-5 secs very brief

iconic sensory memory

linked to visual systems

why we can interpret a series of stills as continuous moving pictures

icon = greek for image

iconic sensory memory duration

0.3 secs

iconic sensory memory capacity

unlimited

echoic sensory memory

linked to our auditory systems

allows for processing of stimuli in full

how long is echoic sensory memory stored

3-4 secs

echoic sensory memory capacity

unlimited

short term memory

limited store of conscious memory

once capacity reached, info displaced for new info to remain

short term memory capacity

limited capacity 5-9 pieces of info

short term memory duration

12-20 secs - no interference

maintenance rehearsal (repetition)

involves repeating info again and again

can help to keep info in short term memory and increases likelihood of it moving to long term memory

long term memory

important info for everyday function

stored semantically

long term memory capacity

potentially unlimited

long term memory duration

potentially unlimited - unlimited with adequate retrieval cues

semantic networks

knowledge structure that depicts how concepts are related to one another and how they interconnect