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What is memory
taking something observed and converting it into a form we can store, retrieve and apply everyday
What are the 3 processes of memory
encoding
storage
retrieval
encoding
the initial learning of info putting the info into your brain
storage
maintaining encoded info to use later
to make it easier to recover when needed
retrieval
process of getting info back from long-term memory to be used in working memory
who proposed multi-store model of memory
atkinson and shiffrin 1968
what does multi-store model of memory suggest
memory is comprised of 3 memory stores that operate simultaneously and interact
rehearsal and retrieval cues key to remembering
duration memory
the amount of time a memory lasts for
capacity memory
the amount of information
sensory memory
very brief - info transferred to short-term memory
our senses receive environmental stimuli
info not entered awareness
what happens if sensory memory is paid attention to
enters short-term memory
sensory memory capacity
unlimited
sensory memory duration
0-5 secs very brief
iconic sensory memory
linked to visual systems
why we can interpret a series of stills as continuous moving pictures
icon = greek for image
iconic sensory memory duration
0.3 secs
iconic sensory memory capacity
unlimited
echoic sensory memory
linked to our auditory systems
allows for processing of stimuli in full
how long is echoic sensory memory stored
3-4 secs
echoic sensory memory capacity
unlimited
short term memory
limited store of conscious memory
once capacity reached, info displaced for new info to remain
short term memory capacity
limited capacity 5-9 pieces of info
short term memory duration
12-20 secs - no interference
maintenance rehearsal (repetition)
involves repeating info again and again
can help to keep info in short term memory and increases likelihood of it moving to long term memory
long term memory
important info for everyday function
stored semantically
long term memory capacity
potentially unlimited
long term memory duration
potentially unlimited - unlimited with adequate retrieval cues
semantic networks
knowledge structure that depicts how concepts are related to one another and how they interconnect
