POL 1100: American Government Week 2 Slides

Federalism

Federalism

a system of government in which pwoer is divided between a central goverrnment and regional governments

Unitary System

lower levels of government have litle independent pwoer and primarily jsut implement decisions made by the central government

Intergovernmental Relations

the process by which those levels of government negotiate and compromise over policy responsibility

Venue Shopping

seekign policy change at a differnet level of gocernment if stymied at the first

Concurrent Powers

power states share wiht the national government

Police Power

a states authority to regulate fundamental matters, including health, safety, welfare, and morals

Full Faith and Credit Clause

each state must honor the PUblic acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states

Comity Clause

citizen of one state cannot be discriminated against in otter states

states can not give special privilegs to their own residents

Home Rule

a gurantee of noninterfernece in various areas of local affairs

Dual Federalism

states have done msot of the fundamental governing, state centered governing, or traditional system becuase t was prevalent for most of americna history

Grant in Aid MOney (Type of Caterorgical Grant)

money provided on the condition it be spent for a particular purpose defined by congress

Catergorical Grants

national government determines the purpose or catergories for which money can be used

Cooperate Federalism

where intergovernmental coperatioon and sharing have blurred a once clearly distinguished line, making it harder to see where the natinal government ends and local government starts

Regulated Federalism

national government set standards of conduct for the states, things like environmental protection, social services, adn education are more unifomr coast to coast then other policies

Nullification

extreme version of state rights, claimed that the states did not hace to obey federal laws that they believed exceeded the national governments authority

Devolution

idea that became popular starting in the 1970s; transferring pwoer from the federal government back to states and localities

Block Grant

federal fudning that states have leeway in spending, no specifics

Secure Communities Program

required state and local auhtories to check fingerprints of people being vooked into jail against Department of Homeland security database