NIPER JEE 2026 Model Paper - Vocabulary Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary and terminology flashcards derived from the NIPER JEE 2026 Model Paper transcript, covering pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, pharmaceutics, organic chemistry, and general knowledge.

Muscarinic Receptors

Receptors responsible for bronchoconstriction, miosis, vasodilation, and increased secretions; they do NOT cause bronchodilation.

Suxamethonium

A depolarizing neuromuscular blocker that acts as a nicotinic receptor antagonist at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ).

Sulphasalazine

A prodrug metabolized by gut bacteria via azo reductase into the active mesalazine and sulfapyridine.

Apomorphine

A drug that causes peripheral and central emesis by stimulating dopamine receptors in the Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CTZ).

Terfenadine

A drug known to cause cardiac arrhythmia by prolonging the $QT$ interval, potentially leading to torsades de pointes.

Quinine

The drug of choice when administered intravenously for the treatment of cerebral (severe) malaria.

United for Dignity

A WHO campaign designed to honor the dignity and reduce the stigma of people who have experienced leprosy.

Metformin

A drug belonging to the biguanide chemical class that reduces hepatic glucose output and improves insulin sensitivity.

Romidepsin

A novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor approved for the treatment of T-cell lymphoma.

Ketamine

An agent that produces dissociative anesthesia by blocking NMDA receptors, leaving the patient appearing conscious but unaware of pain.

Dopamine Agonists (Parkinson's)

Drugs including Ropinirole, Rotigotine, and Pramipexole which act on $D_2/D_3$ receptors.

Benzathine penicillin

A long-acting penicillin G that provides a duration of action up to $4$ weeks due to slow release from an intramuscular (IM) depot.

GABA-B receptors

$G_i$-coupled GPCRs that decrease cAMP, reduce $Ca^{2+}$ conductance, and increase $K^+$ conductance.

Insulin

A hormone that lowers the concentration of cAMP in liver cells by activating phosphodiesterase via $G_i$.

Dyspnoea

The subjective sensation of breathlessness or difficulty in breathing.

Morphine

An opioid that produces analgesia, euphoria, and respiratory depression primarily by acting on \text{\mu} (mu) receptors.

\text{\alpha}-methyl dopamine

A false neurotransmitter formed from the prodrug \text{\alpha}-methyldopa that replaces norepinephrine but possesses weak activity.

Piroxicam

An NSAID with immunomodulatory properties that decreases the synthesis of IgM rheumatoid factor.

Atenolol

A cardioselective \text{\beta}_1-blocker with reduced risk of bronchospasm due to low affinity for \text{\beta}_2 receptors in the bronchi.

Chlorophyll Central Element

Magnesium ($Mg^{2+}$), which is located at the center of a porphyrin ring.

Glycoside

The carbohydrate form of an acetal, formed when the anomeric $-OH$ of a sugar reacts with the $-OH$ of an aglycone.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP)

A $15$-carbon intermediate in the Mevalonic acid pathway, serving as a key branch point before squalene ($30C$).

Rhapontic Rhubarb

A substance containing rhaponticin that exhibits blue fluorescence under ultraviolet light.

Vmax

In the Michaelis-Menten equation, it is a measure of catalytic efficiency or the maximum reaction rate when the enzyme is saturated.

Oleic acid

A non-essential fatty ($18:1$, n-9) acid biosynthesized in the human body via \text{\Delta}9-desaturase.

Lactose

A reducing disaccharide composed of Gal(\text{\beta}1\rightarrow 4)Glc containing a \text{\beta}-1,4 linkage.

Curing

The process of eliminating a plasmid from bacteria, often induced by heat or acridine dyes.

Parvovirus

A virus characterized by having single stranded DNA (ssDNA).

Bacterial Cell Wall

The rigid structure (made of peptidoglycan) responsible for maintaining the characteristic shape of bacteria.

Gelatin

A protective colloid with a very low gold number, indicating high protective action.

Cetomacrogol 1000

The cetyl ether of polyethylene glycol (hexadecyl ether), used as a non-ionic emulsifying agent.

Fluid Energy Mill

A jet mill used to obtain very fine particle sizes in the range of 1\text{--}30\text{\,}\text{\mu}\text{m}.

DLVO Theory

Theory (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) that explains colloidal stability and is associated with suspensions.

Spans

Sorbitan esters that function as non-ionic surfactants.

Nujol

Liquid paraffin hydrocarbons used as a mulling agent in IR spectroscopy.

Baeyer-Villiger Reaction

The conversion of cyclic ketones into cyclic esters (lactones) using a peracid like mCPBA.

Diels-Alder Reaction

A pericyclic $[4+2]$ cycloaddition reaction between a diene and a dienophile.

$S_N 1$ Reaction Rate

A unimolecular rate ($k[\text{substrate}]$) that is independent of nucleophile concentration; doubling the nucleophile has no effect.

Betaine

A zwitterion intermediate formed during the Wittig reaction before the creation of an oxaphosphetane ring.

$S_N 2$ Reactivity (Alkyl Halides)

Reaction rate depends on the leaving group ability: $I > Br > Cl > F$; ethyl iodide reacts most rapidly among primary halides.

Diastereomers

Non-mirror-image stereoisomers, such as cis and trans (geometric) isomers.

Anomers

Stereoisomers of cyclic carbohydrates that differ only at the anomeric carbon ($C1$) created during ring closure.

Diels' hydrocarbon

The product ($3',4'\text{-dimethyl-1,2-cyclopenteno-phenanthrene}$) formed when cholesterol is dehydrogenated.

$$BH_3$$

An electron deficient molecule (Lewis acid) possessing only $6$ valence electrons around the boron atom.

Avil

The brand name for Pheniramine maleate, a first-generation $H_1$ antihistamine.

BioAsia 2026

The 23rd International Summit held in Hyderabad, India's pharma and biotech hub.

PM Shri Schools

Rising India model schools proposed by the Union Education Ministry as upgraded facilities under NEP 2020.

Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)

A Health Ministry scheme providing free antenatal care on the $9^{\text{th}}$ of every month.

RoDTEP Scheme

Administered by the Department of Revenue (Ministry of Finance) for the Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products.

National Institute of Homeopathy (NIH)

A medical institute situated in Kolkata, established in $1975$.

RBI Establishment

The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 under the RBI Act 1934.

Erudite

Having or showing great knowledge or learning; its antonym is ignorant.

Audacious

A synonym for daring, bold, or fearless.

Centrifugal

Tending to move away from the center or axis; the opposite of centripetal.