Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

These flashcards cover key concepts related to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination as discussed in the lecture notes.

Stereotypes

Beliefs that associate a whole group of people with certain traits.

Prejudice

Negative attitude about others because of their connection to a social group.

Discrimination

Negative behaviors directed against persons because of their membership in a particular group.

In-groups

Groups that individuals identify with and feel a sense of belonging to.

Out-groups

Groups that individuals do not identify with and often perceive as different.

Outgroup Homogeneity Effect

The tendency to perceive more similarity within out-groups than in-groups based on stereotypes.

Social Identity Theory

The idea that a person's sense of self is derived from their group memberships.

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

The process by which one’s expectations about a person lead that person to behave in ways that confirm those expectations.

Stereotype Threat

The decrease in performance by members of negatively stereotyped groups due to anxiety of being perceived in a stereotypical manner.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to seek, interpret, and create information that verifies existing beliefs.

Belief Perseverance

The tendency to maintain beliefs even after they have been discredited.

Belief in a Just World

The belief that individuals get what they deserve in life, leading to a tendency to disparage victims.

Realistic Conflict Theory

The theory that hostility between groups is caused by direct competition for limited resources.

Superordinate Goals

Shared goals that can only be achieved through cooperation among individuals or groups.

Ambivalent Sexism

A perspective combining hostile and benevolent attitudes towards women.

Gender Stereotypes

Widely held beliefs about the characteristics and behaviors of males and females.

Role Conflict

The stress resulting from competing standards of behavior for gender roles.