Cerebrum and Brain Function Review week 3

Know the lobes of the cerebrum and their basic functions.

frontal - voluntary motor, motivations, planning, memory, mood, emotion, social judgement, aggression

parietal - sensory reception, integration of somatic, taste, visual info

occipital - primary vision

temporal - hearing, smell, learning, memory, visual recognition, and emotional behavior

gyrus + sulcus

gyrus - turn or twist

sulcus - furrow or groove

What areas of the brain are made of gray matter? How do they differ?

cortex, basal nuclei, limbic

How might the limbic system be involved in learning? What is the location of the limbic system?

the hippocampus deals with memory. medial side of each cerebral hemisphere surrounding the thalamus and corpus callosum

What connects the two hemispheres together?

commissural tracts and corpus callosum

What are the functions of the categorical and representational hemispheres?

categorical - spoken and written words, and analytical skills

representational - perceives patterns and relationships and is the site of imagination and artistic skill

Consciousness is maintained by what area of the brain? Is this area white or gray matter?

cerebral cortex. gray matter

Define hippocampus

stores short term memories that it sends repeatedly to the cerebral cortex to form long term memories

What is the difference between a primary and secondary sensory area? What are the functions of primary and secondary sensory areas?

primary - receive action, potentials and interpret them as light temperature touch taste pressure and sound.

secondary - compare incoming action potential with past experiences and evaluate and integrate those action potentials into perception

What % of information coming to your CNS gets placed in long-term memory?

1%

What is an engram?

the formation of new synapses or modification of existing synapses to make transmission easier

What is the most complex thing we do?

language

What and where is Broca’s area?

produces a motor program in the skeletal muscles of the face and neck to produce speech

What are some examples of integrative functions?

What is learning? What is memory?

The ability to acquire declarative and procedural memories. declarative memories are name dates and facts that you can put into words. Procedural memories are retained motor skills.

Where are memories stored?

engrams

What areas of the CNS are involved in memory?

hippocampus, amygdala

3 types of memory

immediate, short term, long-term.

Where are projection, association, and commissural tracts located?

Association – connect guru within the same hemisphere.

projection – connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord

commissural - corpus Colosso connects to hemisphere together