Establishes a bicameral Congress (House of Representatives and Senate) as the legislative branch.
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1.2
Details the House of Representatives: 2-year terms, qualifications (25+ years, 7-year citizenship), apportionment by population, impeachment role.
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1.3
Details the Senate: 6-year terms (staggered elections), qualifications (30+ years, 9-year citizenship), Vice President as tiebreaker, impeachment trials.
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1.4
States regulate congressional elections; Congress must meet annually.
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1.5
Each chamber sets its rules, requires quorums, and may punish members; journals of proceedings published.
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1.6
Congressional compensation from Treasury; immunity from arrest during sessions (except felonies); bans holding other federal offices.
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1.7
Revenue bills start in the House; process for passing laws, including veto override (2/3 vote).
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1.8
Enumerated powers: tax, declare war, regulate commerce, coin money, establish post offices, patents, Necessary and Proper Clause.
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1.9
Limits on Congress: bans ex post facto laws, suspending habeas corpus (except rebellion), titles of nobility, and preferential trade.
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1.10
Limits on states: cannot coin money, make treaties, tax imports without federal approval.
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2.1
Establishes the presidency: 4-year term, Electoral College, qualifications (natural-born, 35+ years), oath of office.