Research methodology

Research is a scientific method which involves search for information. It should be falsible and replicable through open science

Research comprises of

Problem formation

Research goals

Objectives

Methodology

Participants

Hypothesis

Appropriate statistical tools

Results

Why can a research not prove

A research cannot prove because there may have been many factors unaccounted for

Research question

This is the what and leases to problem formulation

Research goals and objective

This is the why and the gap the research seeks to fill

Methodology

This is the how and the way the researcher wants to gather data

Participants or samples

These are with whom. They are small members of a population who share similar characteristics

Research setting

This is the where, it is the environment where the research is carried out

Hypothesis

This is an assumption about the relationship between 2 variables. It can be proven true or false

Appropriate statistical tools

Using the right statistical tools will lead to proper results and findings

Variables

These are events and attributes that can be measured and changed . There are two types. Overts they can be seen and touched e.g height. Coverts - they cannot be touched e.g intelligence

Terminologies - reliability

Research results should be consistent across space and time to ensure reliability

Terminology - validity

What is intended to be measured should be measured

Terminologies -operational definition of constructs

This is the way a variable is defined for research

Qualitative methodology

This uses non numerical data e.g kII, focus group discussion. Semi structured and non structured interviews, observations , open ended questionnaire

Quantitative methodology

This uses numerical data that is countable. Usually in yes or no form. E.g surveys , questionnaires, yes or no interviews

Sampling techniques

Simple random: this is giving everyone one from a population equal opportunity to be selected randomly

Purposive : this is non random and picking participants based on the knowledge they possess

Convinience: this is selecting who ever is available for the research