Current Electricity and Magnetism Lecture Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering the construction and working of dry cells, lead-acid cells, and nickel-cadmium cells based on the lecture notes.

Zinc layer (Dry Cell)

The whitish metal layer forming the negative terminal of a dry cell.

Electrolyte (Dry Cell)

A wet pulp of zinc chloride ($ZnCl_{2}$) and ammonium chloride ($NH_{4}Cl$) used as a carrier of electricity between two layers.

Graphite rod

A rod located at the center of a dry cell that serves as the positive terminal.

Manganese dioxide ($MnO_{2}$)

A paste filled outside the graphite rod in a dry cell.

Dry Cell Working Limitation

Because of the wet pulp, chemical reactions proceed slowly, meaning a large electric current cannot be obtained.

Lead Acid Cell

A cell that can be recharged after getting electrically discharged, consisting of a lead ($Pb$) electrode and a lead dioxide ($PbO_{2}$) electrode.

Lead dioxide ($PbO_{2}$) electrode

The electrode in a lead-acid cell that carries a positive charge.

Lead ($Pb$) electrode

The electrode in a lead-acid cell that carries a negative charge.

Lead Acid Cell Potential Difference

The potential difference between the electrodes is nearly $2V$.

Lead Acid Cell Electrolyte

The liquid in which both the lead and lead dioxide electrodes are dipped; identified as dilute sulfuric acid.

Ni-Cd Cell

Nickel-Cadmium cells used in portable gadgets that deliver a $1.2V$ potential difference and are rechargeable.