Object Oriented Programming

Procedural Programming

Programs that perform their behavior as a series of steps to be carried out. Procedural programming structures a program like a recipe in that it provides a set of steps, in the form of functions and code blocks, that flow sequentially in order to complete a task.

Object-oriented programming

Programs that perform their behavior as interactions among objects. Put another way, object-oriented programming is an approach for modeling concrete, real-world things, like cars, as well as relations between things, like companies and employees, students and teachers, and so on.

Primitive data structures

designed to represent simple pieces of information, such as the cost of an item or the title of a book. (e.g., numbers, strings)

Benefits of OOP

1. Reproducible

2. Reusable

3. Abstraction

4. Encapsulation

5. Inheritance

6. Polymorphism

Class

used to create a user-defined data structure and is a template or blueprint for a new type of object that share properties called attributes.

Methods

identify the behaviors and actions that an object created from the class can perform with its data. Defined by classes

Object

an ___ built from the class contains specific information about that particular object.

Attributes

properties of the object that define its characteristics

Operations

the functions that an object can perform that, among other things, allow the object to change its attributes

Constructors

code that initializes an object as it is being created

Methods

the behavior each object can execute

Encapsulation

protects an object’s data from outside access

Abstraction

a distancing between ideas and details

Inheritance

allows classes to inherit features of other classes. supports reusability

Parent classes

extend attributes and behaviors to child classes

Benefits of Inheritance

can create a generic parent class, and then create more specific child classes as needed.

Superclass/Baseclass

parent class

Derived class/Extended class

child class

Client program

a program that uses objects (the main function)