Exam 3 Quiz 9, 10, 11, and 12 + Practice problems 낱말 카드 | Quizlet

Select the option that best finished the sentence: The transport of glucose in a sodium-independent manner occurs:

A. Down a concentration gradient

B. Against a concentration gradient

C. Into the cell

D. Out of the cell

Down a concentration gradient

GLUT2 has a higher Km for Glucose than GLUT1. Which has the higher affinity for glucose?

A. GLUT1

B. GLUT2

C. Both the same

D. Cannot tell with this information

GLUT1

Glycolysis is a catabolic process that occurs where inside the cell?

A. Mitochondria

B. Cytoplasm

C. Nucleus

D. Nucleolus

Cytoplasm

Hexokinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of what reaction?

A. Glucose to Glucose-2-phosphate

B. Glucose to Fructose-6-phosphate

C. Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate

D. Glucose to Fructose 1,6 bisphosphate

Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate

The final 3 carbon product of glycolysis is:

A. Pyruvate

B. Phosphoenolpyruvate

C. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

D. 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate

Pyruvate

Glycolysis produces which of the following group of molecules?

A. ATP, NAD+ and Pyruvate

B. ADP, NAD+ and Pyruvate

C. ATP, NADPH and Pyruvate

D. ATP, NADH and Pyruvate

ATP, NADH, Pyruvate

Trapping glucose inside of the cell is a process catalyzed by what enzyme?

A. Phosphofructokinase

B. Hexokinase

C. Pyruvate Kinase

D. Phosphoglycerate kinase

Hexokinase

Conformational changes in the Hexokinase enzyme upon substrate binding serve what function?

A. Ensure proper binding to the active site

B. To bring ATP in close proximity to Carbon 6 in Glucose

C. Expel water from the active site

D. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is FALSE of glucose transporter (GLUT) proteins?

A. GLUT proteins have two glucose binding sites

B. GLUT proteins have the same Km value

C. GLUT proteins have different Km values

D. GLUT proteins have a hydrophillic core

GLUT have the same Km value

B

The number of ATP molecules invested into glycolysis per molecule of Glucose is:

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

2

The TOTAL number of ATP molecules produced in glycolysis per Glucose molecule is:

A. 2

B. 4

C. 6

D. 8

4

The NET amount of ATP molecules produced per molecule of glucose during glycolysis is:

A. 2

B. 4

C. 6

D. 8

2

B

Aldolase catalyzes what reaction?

A. Isomerization of DHAP to GAP

B. Dehydration of 2PG to phosphoenolpyruvate

C. Cleavage of F1,6P to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate(DHAP)

D. Conversion of 3PG to 2-phosphoglycerate

Cleavage of F1,6P to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)

Which of the following is not considered an irreversible step of glycolysis?

A. Hexokinase reaction

B. Phosphofructokinase reaction

C. Triose phosphate isomerase reaction

D. Pyruvate kinase reaction

Triose phosphate isomerase reaction

Choose the option that best fits the blank: As compared to hexokinase enzymes, Glucokinase has a _______ Km for glucose?

A. high

B. low

C. equal

D. none of the above

High

Glukokinase is inhibited by which molecule?

A. Glucose

B. Glucose-6-phosphate

C. Fructose-6-phosphate

D. Fructose-1,6-phosphate

Fructose-6-phosphate

Fructose 1,6, bisphosphatase is an enzyme in the Gluconeogenesis pathway.What is the effect of AMP on this enzymes activity?

A. Inhibits enzyme activity

B. Increases enzyme activity

C. Competes for the enzyme active site

D. None of the above

It inhibits enzyme activity

Glucose-6-phosphatase is an enzyme that is part of the gluconeogenesis pathway.It is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells. What challenges does this present for gluconeogenesis?

A. Transport of glucose-6-phosphate into the ER

B. Transport of fructose-6-phosphate into the ER

C. Export of glucose-6-phosphate out of the ER

D. Transport of PEP into the ER

Transport of glucose-6-phosphate into the ER

Gluconeogenesis can begin with the conversion of Pyruvate into what four carbon metabolite?

A. Glutathione

B. Citrate

C. Oxaloacetate

D. Aceytl-CoA

Oxaloacetate

What is the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase?

A. 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate

B. 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate + ATP

C. 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate +NADH

D. 3-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate

3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate

Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells (RBCs) that still contain mitochondria. Reticulocytosis (that is, the increased production of reticulocytes) is commonly observed in patients with anaemias, which are a set of blood disorders characterized by a reduced ability to carry oxygen. Anaemia is frequently a result of lower than normal numbers of mature RBCs, and so it is thought reticulocytosis is one mechanism through which the body attempts to compensate for the lack of mature RBCs in anaemia patients. Why would a pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency potentially lead to reticulocytosis? (Select all that apply)

A. PK is a critical enzyme in the Krebs cycles

B. PK converts PEP to Pyruvate with the associated production of ATP

C. RBCs are dependent on glycolysis for energy

D. Pyruvate kinase is critical for trapping glucose into cells

1. PK converts PEP to pyruvate with the associated production of ATP

2. RBCs are dependent on glycolysis for energy

What is the name of the glycolytic enzyme that produces Phosphoenolpyruvate from 2-phosphoglycerate?

A. Aldolase

B. Oleolase

C. Enolase

D. Phosphoenolpyruvate kinase

Enolase

1,3-bisphosphglycerate is converted to what by the enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase?

A. 3-phosphoglycerate + ADP

B. 1-phosphoglycerate + ADP

C. 3-phosphoglycerate + ATP

D. 1-phosphoglycerate + ATP

3-phosphoglycerate +ATP

The enzyme Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the formation of which of the following products?

A. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and NADH

B. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate and NAD+

C. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate and NADH

D. 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate and NADH

1,3-biphosphoglycerate and NADH

Coversion of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (and back!) can be performed by which of the following enzymes?

A. Triose phosphate isomerase

B. Hexose phosphate isomerase

C. Glucose isomerase

D. Enolase

Triose phosphate isomerase

Cleavage of fructose-1-6-bisphosphate into Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone in glycolysis is performed by which of the following glycolytic enzymes?

A. Enolase

B. Aldolase

C. Amylase

D. Aminopeptidase

Aldolase

The enzyme that converts fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1-6-bisphosphate inglycolysis is:

A. Hexokinase

B. Glucokinase

C. Phosphofructose isomerase

D. Phosphofructokinase

Phosphofructokinase

The enzyme that converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis is:

A. Hexokinase

B. Pentokinase

C. Pyruvate kinase

D. Glucose-6-kinase

Hexokinase

The enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in glycolysis is:

A. phosphofructokinase

B. aldolase

C. phosphoglucose isomerase

D. hexose isomerase

Phosphoglucose isomerase

Carbohydrates contain two important functional groups that can tautomerize when catalyzed to do so by enzymes. What are the two functional groups?

A. Aldehydes and Ketones

B. Amines and Ketones

C. Amines and Aldehydes

D. Tertiary alcohols and Ketones

Aldehydes and ketones

Glycogen is stored primarily in what organs? (Select all that apply)

A. Liver

B. Heart

C. Skeletal muscle

D. None of the above

1. Liver

2. Skeletal Muscle

Glycogen synthase catalyzes α-1,4 glycosidic bonds when adding glucose molecules to extend linear glycogen chains. Why is another enzyme required to have "normally" branched structures of glycogen?

A. Glycogen synthase cannot catalyze α-1,6 glycosidic bonds for branching

B. Glycogen synthase hydrolyzes α-1,6 glycosidic bonds

C. Glycogen synthase is slow and adds one glucose at a time

D. None of the above

Glycogen synthase cannot catalyze α-1,6 glycosidic bonds for branching

The glycogen branching enzyme catalyzes the formation of what type of bond?

A. α-1,6 glycosidic bonds

B. α-1,4 glycosidic bonds

C. α-1,6 phosphodiester bonds

D. α-1,4 phosphodiester bonds

α-1,6 glycosidic bonds

The glycogen debranching enzyme has two functions: the first is α-1,6 glucosidase function which removes a single glucose molecule from a branch point. What is the other?

A. α-1,4 glucosidase activity that removes a single glucose molecule from linear chains

B. transferase activity that moves three glucose molecules from one branch to another branch via a new α-1,4 glycosidic bond

C. transferase activity that moves three glucose molecules from one branch to another branch via a new α-1,6 glycosidic bond

D. α-1,4 glucosidase activity that removes three to four glucose molecules for glycolysis to proceed

Transferase activity that moves three glucose molecules from one branch to another branch via a new α-1,4 glycosidic bond

The pentose phosphate pathway produces what glycolytic intermediates? (Select all that apply)

A. Glucose-6-phosphate

B. Fructose-6-phosphate

C. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

D. Phosphoenolpyruvate

1. Fructose-6-phosphate

2. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

NADPH is essential for cells to maintain a supply of what?

A. GSH (Reduced glutathione)

B. GSSG (Oxidized glutathione)

C. ATP

D. Reactive oxygen species

GSH (Reduced glutathione)

Insulin is increased in response to high concentrations of plasma glucose, such asafter a carbohydrate rich meal. What is the effect of insulin on the Pentosephosphate pathway (PPP)?

A. Inhibits PPP via Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

B. Promotes/activates PPP via Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

C. Increases ATP production from the PPP

D. None of the above

Promotes/activates PPP via Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

The function of Glycogenein is:

A. to serve as the core of glyocogen granules and begin the process of glycogen synthesis

B. Make α-1,2 glycogen branches

C. Make α-1,6 glycogen branches

D. Break α-1,6 glycogen branches

To serve as the core of the glycogen granules and begin the process of glycogen synthesis

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the aerobic fate of pyruvate in humans?

A. Pyruvate carboxylase

B. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

C. Lactate dehydrogenase

D. Pyruvate kinase

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the anaerobic fate of pyruvate inhumans?

A. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

B. Pyruvate carboxylase

C. Lactate dehydrogenase

D. Pyruvate kinase

lactate dehydrogenase

The F1 subunit of what mitochondrial protein complex undergoes conformationalchanges to directly synthesize ATP?

A. Complex 2

B. Complex 3

C. Complex 4

D. Complex 5

Complex 5

The function of the F0 subunit of ATP synthase is:

A. To function as a channel/pore for H+ transport

B. To directly synthesize ATP

C. To inhibit H+ flow into the mitochondrial matrix

D. Accept electrons as part of the electron transport chain

To function as a channel/pore for H+ transport

Of the following options, which best suits the description of being "the function" of the citric acid cycle?

A. Direct generation of ATP

B. Direct generation of acetyl-CoA

C. Oxidation of electron carriers

D. Reduction of electron carriers

Reduction of electron carriers

Citrate is a 6 carbon molecule formed by 4 carbons from oxaloacetate and 2 carbons from what molecule?

A. Acetyl-CoA

B. Pyruvate

C. Malate

D. Succinate

Acetyl-CoA

Which of the following are FALSE about the citric acid cycle?

A. Some steps of the citric acid cycle are catabolic

B. Some steps of the citric acid cycle are anabolic

C. The citric acid cycle occurs in the cytoplasm

D. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondria

The citric acid cycle occurs in the cytoplasm

Electron transport through the electron transport chain generates energy. What is this energy directly used for?

A. Synthesize ATP

B. Generate an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

C. Reduce electron carriers

D. Drive reactions forward

Generate an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Which of the following are electron acceptors in the electron transport chain?(Select all that apply)

A. Coenzyme Q

B. FAD

C. Iron-sulfur clusters

D. Cytochromes

1. Coenzyme Q

2. Iron-sulfur clusters

3. Cytochromes

4. FAD

Pyruvate dehydrogenase produces what products?

A. Acetyl-CoA and ATP

B. Acetyl-CoA and ADP

C. Acetyl-CoA and NADH

D. Acetyl-CoA and NAD+

Acetyl-CoA and NADH

What might large concentrations or build-ups of acetyl-CoA do to the reaction involving pyruvate dehydrogenase?

A. Drive the reaction forward

B. Inhibit the reaction

inhibit the reaction

The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is:

A. Oxygen

B. Cytochrome C

C. ATP

D. NADH

oxygen

Phosphorylation of isocitrate dehydrogenase, a heterotetrameric enzyme, inhibits enzyme activity through what mechanism?

A. Competitive inhibition

B. Allosteric inhibition

C. Negative feedback

D. Covalent modification of the active site

Covalent modification of the active site

The formation of oxaloacetate from malate is a highly endergonic process. Why might the formation of citrate assist in driving this reaction forward?

A. Citrate formation is highly exergonic and uses oxaloacetate as a substrate

B. Citrate formation is highly endergonic and uses oxaloacetate as a substrate

C. Citrate formation is highly exergonic and uses malate as a substrate

D. Citrate formation activates malate dehydrogenase

Citrate formation is highly exergonic and uses oxaloacetate as a substrate

E2 and E3 enzymes in the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex areregulated by what process?

A. Positive feedback

B. Negative feedback

C. Feed forward mechanisms

D. Phosphorylation

Negative Feedback

A thioester bond is a high energy bond seen in which of the following molecules?

A. Coenzyme A

B. Acetyl-CoA

C. Lactate

D. NADH

Acetyl-CoA

Choose the option that best fits the blank in the following sentence. In the electron transport chain, consecutive complexes are coupled to electron carriers that have [BLANK] reduction potentials

A. Increasing

B. Decreasing

C. Equal

D. None of the above

Increasing

The advantage of organising enzymes into multi-enzyme complexes is:

A. Successive reactions can be performed more efficiently due to reaction substrates and productsbeing kept close proximity

B. Successive electron carriers can oxidize and reduce each other

C. Regulation of one enzyme subunit can efficiently regulate another subunit

D. All of the above

All of the above

A deficiency in the enzyme NADH-CoQ oxidoreductase can cause an elevated concentration of lactate in the blood and subsequent lactic acidosis. Why might this be the case?

A. NADH increases due to NADH-CoQ oxidoreducatase deficiency and NADH is an allostericactivator of monocarboxylate transporter proteins involved in lactate transport out of cells

B. NADH increases due to NADH-CoQ oxidoreducatase deficiency and inhibits glycolysis, resulting in an inability to produce pyruvate

C. Deficiency in NADH-CoQ oxidoreducatase activity results in a build up of lactate owing to the fact lactate is a substrate for NADH-CoQ oxidoreducatase

D. Deficiency in NADH-CoQ oxidoreducatase activity results in reduced ATP generation from ETC, a reliance on anaerobic glycolysis and increased conversion of pyruvate to lactate to recycle NADH

Deficiency in NADH-CoQ oxidoreductase activity results in reduced ATP generation from ETC, a reliance on anaerobic glycolysis and increased conversion of pyruvate to lactate to recycle NADH.

DNP carries H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane causing dissipation of the electrochemical proton gradient, resulting in lower ATP synthase activity despite continued energy expenditure from the electron transport chain.

During fatty acid biosynthesis, a fatty acyl chain is connected to which of the following molecules?

A. Acyl-carrier proteins

B. Acetyl-CoA

C. Proponyl-CoA

D. Ubiquitin

Acyl-carrier proteins

The activation of fatty acids involves both the cleavage of bonds in ATP andformation of thioester bonds in acyl-CoA. The overall ΔG for this process is closeto 0. Why?

A. Because both ATP and Acyl-CoA contain high energy bonds

B. Because the next reaction if highly exergonic

C. Because the next reaction is highly endergonic

D. Because fatty acid oxidation is an energetically favorable process

Because both ATP and Acyl-CoA contain high energy bonds

Pitavastatin will not affect the Vmax of HMG-CoA reductase

You are developing a new drug, Drug X, that works to remove excess lipids inpatients who cannot fully metabolize lipids. Drug X efficiently binds to lipids in the blood and causes them to be excreted from the body.An unrelated drug, Drug Y, is incredibly hyrdophobic and needs to bind alubin in order to be distrubuted efficiently around the body.You notice that when you administer Drug X at the same time as Drug Y, Drug X still removes lipids from the body but the efficacy (effectiveness) of Drug Y increases. Which of the following reasons may best explain why?

A. Drug X and Drug Y act on the same target sensitizing the patient to Drug Y

B. Drug Y binding to albumin is enhanced by Drug X improving biodistribution

C. Drug Y binding to albumin is decreased by Drug X improving biodistribution

D. Drug Y binding to lipids is increased by Drug X improving biodistribution

Drug Y binding to albumin is enhanced by Drug X improving biodistribution

Which of the following options is false:Enzymatic digestion of lipids occurs in the _______?

A. Mouth

B. Stomach

C. Intestine

Mouth

1

The "goal" of fatty acid oxidation is to what? (Select all that apply)

A. Produce acyl-CoA

B. Produce acetyl-CoA

C. Produce oxidized electron carriers

D. Produce reduced electron carriers

1. produce acetyl-CoA

2. Produce reduces electron carriers

Lipids are more energy dense than carbohydrates because:

A. They are more reduced

B. They are more oxidized

C. They contain glycerol

D. The contain phosphates

They are more reduced

A fatty acid can be described as follows:19:2Δ7,11How many molecules of Acetyl-CoA can be generated from complete betaoxidation of this fatty acid?

A. 8

B. 9

C. 10

D. 11

8 acetyl-CoA

C

The primary role of chylomicrons is to do which of the following?

A. pickup cholesterol accumulating in tissues and transport to the liver

B. transport endogenous TAGs and cholesterol from the liver to the tissues

C. transport exogenous, dietary TAGs and cholesterol from the intestines to the tissues

D. synthesize new TAG molecules in intestinal cells

Transport exogenous, dietary TAGs and cholesterol from the intestines to the tissues

Which of the following properties makes Bile salts useful emulsifying agents?

A. hydrophobicity

B. hydrophillicity

C. amphipathicity

D. None of the above

amphipathicity

Transport of fatty acids across the mitochondrial membranes is directly dependent on the activity of which of the following enzymes?

A. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase

B. Citrate synthase

C. ATP synthase

D. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase

Fatty Acid Synthase is an enzyme that participated in which process?

A. Pentose phosphate pathway

B. Fatty acid oxidation

C. Fatty acid biosynthesis

D. Gluconeogenesis

Fatty acid biosynthesis

Unsaturated fatty acids are metabolized to the point where the carbon-carbon double bond is adjacent to the fatty acid beta carbon. What type of enzyme helps oxidation proceed from this point?

A. A kinase

B. A dehydrogenase

C. An isomerase

D. None of the above

An isomerase

Which of the following amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?

A. Lysine

B. Glycine

C. Tryptophan

D. Serine

Lysine (and leucine)

Select all the precursors of pyrimidine synthesis:

A. Glutamine

B. Aspartate

C. Lysine

D. Bicarbonate

1. Glutamine

2. Aspartate

3. Bicarbonate

Which of the following metabolites is a metabolic intermediate of the Pentosephosphate pathway that is a direct precursor of purine synthesis?

A. Glucose-6-phosphate

B. Fructose 1,6 bisphosphate

C. Sedoheptalose

D. Ribose-5-phosphate

Ribose-5-phosphate

Glutamate conversion into what molecule by the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase can be accompanied by entry of ammonia into the urea cycle?

A. Alanine

B. Pyruvate

C. Alpha-ketoglutarate

D. None of the above

Alpha-ketoglutarate

Based on your knowledge of Alanine deamination, would Alanine be considered a Glucogenic amino acid?

A. Yes, because it can be converted to pyruvate

B. Yes, because it can be converted to acetyl-CoA

C. No, because it is converted to Citrate

D. No, because it cannot be converted to pyruvate

Yes, because it can be converted to pyruvate

Transamination of alanine by Alanine Transaminase produces which of the following products?

A. Glutamine

B. Glutamate

C. Oxaloacetate

D. Pyruvate

Glutamate

Which of the following proteins would transport lysine through the apical membrane of an enterocyte?

A. Broad neutral amino acid transporter

B. Excitory amino acid transporter

C. sodium independent, cationic amino acid transporter

D. system T amino acid transporters

Sodium independent, cationic amino acid transporter

Trypsin is an enzyme that performs hydrolysis of peptide bonds. The substrate specificity of trypin is based on which of the following:

A. a positively charged amino acid in the vacinity of the target peptide bond

B. a negatively charged amino acid in the vacinity of the target peptide bond

C. a neutral amino acid in the vacinity of the target peptide bond

D. an aromatic amino acid in the vacinity of the target peptide bond

A positively charged amino acid in the vicinity of the target peptide bond

Which of the following mechanisms are employed to regulate the activity of digestive enzymes produced outside the digestive tract? (Select all that apply)

A. Production of the enzyme as a zymogen

B. Coproduction of the enzyme and an associated inhibitor

C. Denaturation of the enzyme

D. Genetic mutation of the enzyme gene

1. Production of the enzyme as a zymogen

2. Coproduction of the enzyme and an associated inhibitor

A deficiency in what amino acid may lead to the need to obtain tyrosine from the diet?

A. Serine

B. Tryptophan

C. Phenylalanine

D. Proline

Phenylalanine

Which of the following keto-acids can be converted to alanine via transamination reactions?

A. Oxaloacetate

B. α-Ketoglutarate

C. Pyruvate

D. Acetyl-CoA

Pyruvate

The ammonia produced during deamination of Amino acids is:

A. excreted as urea

B. used for new amino acid synthesis

C. used for gluconeogenesis

D. none of the above

excreted as urea

The products of proteolysis are:

A. amino acids, peptides and dipeptides

B. nucleic acids

C. glucose

D. None of the above

amino acids, peptides and dipeptides

Deoxyribonucleotides are synthesized from their corresponding ribonucleotides bywhich enzymes?

A. Ribonucleotide dehydrogenase

B. Ribonucleotide reductase

C. Ribonucleotide hydrolase

D. Ribonucleotide synthase

Ribonucleotide reductase

Which of the following are potential metabolites of Pyrimidine metabolism?A. Lipids

B. Amino acids

C. Carbohydrates

D. None of the above

Amino acids

Which of the following pathways are downregulated by Insulin signaling inhepatocytes?

A. Fatty acid oxidation

B. Glycogen synthesis

C. Fatty acid biosynthesis

D. Glucose uptake

Fatty acid oxidation

Which pathways is not activated by glucagon in hepatocytes?

A. Fatty acid oxidation

B. Glycogen breakdown

C. Gluconeogenesis

D. Glycolysis

Glycolysis

Purine catabolism can invole the conversion of Inosine into Hypoxanthine with theassociated production of Ribose-1-phosphate. What type of enzyme would be required to convert Ribose-1-phosphate into a substrate for Purine synthesis?

A. Isomerase/mutase

B. Dehydrogenase

C. Kinase

D. Synthetase

Isomerase/mutase

Option A

Which complex of the electron transport chain does not pump protons across the membrane?

A. Complex I

B. Complex II

C. Complex III

D. Complex IV

Complex II

Activation of fatty acids involves which of the following processes?

A. Prenylation

B. Phosphorylation

C. Adenylation

D. Glycosylation

Adenylation

15:1Δ8

8

Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate. What else is produced during this reaction?

A. ATP

B. ADP

C. NADH

D. FADH2

NADH

Gluconeogenesis primaily occurs in which of the following organs?

A. Liver

B. Heart

C. Epidermis

D. Red blood cells

Liver