Chapter 1-FundamentalsI

Communication Disorders

A range of disorders that affect an individual's ability to communicate, including voice problems, stuttering, and language difficulties.

ASHA

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, an organization that provides resources and support for professionals in communication sciences.

Formulation

The process of organizing thoughts and ideas into a message for communication.

Transmission

The process of sending a message using various modalities such as speech, writing, or gestures.

Reception

The act of receiving a message that has been sent by a sender through various means.

Comprehension

The ability to understand the meaning of a received message.

Feedback

Information returned to the sender, making communication interactive and dynamic.

Paralinguistic

Voice characteristics such as pitch and tone that accompany verbal communication.

Pragmatics

The aspect of language concerned with the function of communication and social context.

Neuromuscular Process

The biological aspects involved in speech production, including respiration, phonation, and articulation.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve.

Dysphasia

A language disorder affecting a person's ability to communicate, often linked to neurological issues.

Fluency Disorders

Speech disorders characterized by interruptions in the flow of speech, such as stuttering.

Aphasia

A communication disorder that affects a person's ability to process language, often due to brain damage.

Cultural Impact on Communication

The influence of shared values, beliefs, and customs on an individual's communication style.

Articulation Disorders

Speech sound disorders that involve the distortion or omission of sounds.

Audiologist

A professional who specializes in diagnosing and treating hearing loss and related disorders.

Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs)

Professionals who assess and treat speech, language, and communication disorders.

Hearing Aid Dispensing

The practice of fitting and providing hearing aids to individuals with hearing impairments.

Clinical Fellowship

A period of supervised professional practice required for certification in speech-language pathology or audiology.