Is the first to mention natural rights. Government should protect rights.
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Who was Thomas Hobbes?
Social contract, Give up some freedoms for protection.
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Who was Charles Montesquieu?
First to mention checks + balances and the 3 branches of government, executive, legislative, judicial.
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How did his ideas affect U.S. government?
We now have the three branches that can keep each other in check.
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Who was Jean Rousseau?
First to believe power to the people, obligation to change government if bad.
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Autocracy, which philosopher?
A system of government by one person with absolute power. Thomas Hobbes (believed in submitting all rights to one king)
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Monarchy
A form of government with a monarch at the head, is hereditary.
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Dictatorship
A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator
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Direct democracy
A government where all people come together to vote, and make laws + decisions.
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Representative Democracy
A government where representatives elected by the people make laws + decisions.
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oligarchy
A political system governed by a few wealthy, influential people.
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theocracy
A government based on religion, following religious rules and obligations.
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Junta
A military or political group that rules a country after taking power by force.
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Anarchy
No government.
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Where is the structure of government written?
U.S. Constitution.
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What does the legislative branch do? How does it check other branches?
Makes laws. Can overrule the president and make a bill a law with a 2/3 vote, congress can impeach judges.
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How many representatives? How long term? How many representatives per state? How many in Mass?
435, 2 years, depends on how many people in state, 2.
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How many people in senate? How long is term? How many per state?
100, 6 years, 2.
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What does the Judicial branch do? How does it check other branches?
Maneges conflict about meaning, application, and enforcement of laws. Interprets laws. Can rule a law unconstitutional, can rule presidential action unconstitutional.
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How many people in supreme court?
9
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What does the Executive branch do? How does it check other branches?
Has the power to carry out and enforce laws. Can veto a bill, has the power to appoint judges.
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What is the presidential cabinet? Who is in it?
They are the president's advisers. Vice pres. and the heads of the 15 executive departments.
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What type of government was used in Greece (athens)? Why did this system work well in Greece?
Democracy. All people were represented (including poor people), there was a division of work.
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Describe the government structure of Athens.
The Assembly, The Council of 500, People's Court.
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What is the type of the government the Romans used?
Republic.
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Explain the “separation of powers” in Rome.
The Consuls control taxes, laws and army, The Senate made decrees that were voted on to become laws, The Tribal Assembly conducted trials.
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What are examples of representative government in Rome?
The People in the Tribal Assembly were voted on and the Consuls were voted on.
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