Ch. 2 - Intro to Medical Terminology

Chapter 2: Body Organization and Medical Care

abdomin/o

abdomen

adip/o

fat

aer/o

air

anter/o

front

brachi/o

arm

cardi/o

heart

caud/o

tail

cephal/o

head

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

crani/o

skull

crin/o

to secrete

crur/o

leg

cyt/o

cell

dermat/o

skin

dist/o

away from

dors/o

back of body

enter/o

small intestine

epitheli/o

epithelium

eti/o

cause

gastr/o

stomach

glute/o

buttock

gynec/o

woman

hemat/o

blood

hist/o

tissue

immun/o

protection; immunity

infer/o

below

inguin/o

groin

laryng/o

larynx

later/o

side

lumb/o

loin or lower back

lymph/o

lymph

medi/o

middle

muscul/o

muscle

nephr/o

kidney

neur/o

nerve

nucle/o

nucleus

ophthalm/o

eye

orth/o

straight, upright

ot/o

ear

ox/o

oxygen

pariet/o

cavity wall

path/o

disease

ped/o

child, foot

pelv/o

pelvis

peritone/o

peritoneum

pleur/o

pleura

poster/o 2

back 2

proct/o

rectum and anus

proxim/o

near to

pub/o

genital region

pulmon/o

lung

rhin/o

nose

somat/o

body

spin/o

spine

super/o

above

thorac/o

chest

ur/o 1

urine 1

urin/o 2

urine 2

vascul/o

blood vessel

ventr/o

belly

vertebr/o

vertebra

viscer/o

internal organ

cell

fundamental unit of life

All cells have a -, -, and -

nucleus, cell membrane, and cytoplasm

Two types of mature cells

somatic cells and gametes

Somatic cells contain how many chromosomes

46

Gametes (reproductive cells) have how many chromosomes

23

Female gamete is called what?

ova

Male gamete is called what?

sperm

Four type of tissues?

muscle, epithelial, connective, and nervous

Three types of muscle tissue?

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

Four functions of epithelial tissue?

protect, absorb, secrete, and excrete wastes

Four forms of connective tissue?

cartilage, adipose, tendons, and bone

Nervous tissue forms the -. -, and -?

brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Nervous tissue is composed of what cells?

neurons

Function of integumentary system?

two-way barrier and aids in temperature regulation

Organs (5) in integumentary system?

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

Functions (3) of musculoskeletal system?

supports and protects the body, forms blood cells and stores minerals, and produces movement

Organs (3) in musculoskeletal system?

bones, joints, and muscles

Function of cardiovascular system?

pumps blood to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes

Organs (3) in cardiovascular system?

heart, arteries, and veins

Functions (3) of blood (hematic) system?

transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and controls bleeding

Four components of blood?

plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets

Function of the lymphatic system?

protects the body from disease and invasion by pathogens

Organs (5) in lymphatic system?

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus glad, and tonsils

Function of respiratory system?

brings oxygen into and takes carbon dioxide out of the body

Organs (6) in respiratory system?

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs

Function of the gastrointestinal system?

ingest, digest, and absorb nutrients

Organs (10) in gastrointestinal system?

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, and salivary glands

Function of the urinary system?

filters wastes from blood and removes them from the blood

Organs (4) in the urinary system?

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Functions (3) of the female reproductive system?

produces eggs, provides for the growing baby, and nourishes infant

Organs (6) in female reproductive system?

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, and breasts

Functions of the male reproductive system?

produces sperm for reproduction

Organs (7) of the female reproductive system?

testes, epididymis, vas defrans, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral gland

Function of the endocrine system?

regulate metabolic activity

Glands (9) in the endocrine system?

pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes

Function of the nervous system?

receives sensory information from the body and coordinates response to that information

Organs (3) of the nervous system?

brain, spinal cord, and nerves