C3: Skin Structure and Growth

Dermatology

Medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment

Skin Specifics

Skin in the largest and one of the most important organs of the body. Weighs six to nine pound. Healthy skin: slightly moist, soft and flexable, has a surface that is slightly acidic. Skin of the scalp has larger and deeper hair follicles to accommodate the longer hair of the head

Epidermis

Outermost layer of the skin, five layers

Startum Corneum

Layer of the skin that is treated by the cosmetologist

Keratin

Fibrous protein, principal component of hair and nails

Startum Lucidum

The clear transparent layer under the startum corneum, thicker on the palms of the hand and the soles of the feet. Forms unique fingerprints and footprints

Startum Spinosum

The process of skin cells shedding begins

Startum Germinativum

Also known as the basal cell layer, deepest layer of the epidermis. Contains special cells called melanocytes that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin

Dermis

Underlying or inner layer of skin, about 25 times thicker than the epidermis

Arrector Pili Muscle

goosebumps

Papillary Layer

The outer layer of the dermis. The dermis houses the nerve endings thatb. Provide the body with the sense of touch, pain, heatm cold, and pressure

Dermal Papillae

Contains small cone-shaped elevation at the bottom of the hair follicles

Epidermal Dermal Junction

The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis

Reticular Layer

Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients

Subcutaneous Tissue

Fatty layer found below dermis, also called adipose of subcutis tissue. Gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fasts for energy, and acts as a protective cushion for the skin

Motor Muscle

React to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain. Send messages to the brain

Melanin

Tiny grains of pigment that are deposited into the startum germinativum layer, helps protect sensitive cells from UV rays

Pheomelanin

Red to yellow in color

Eumelanin

Dark brown to black skin

Collagen and Elastin

Strength and flexibility of the skin

Collagen

If fibers become weakend, skin can lose tone and suppleness, wrinkle, and sag. Lose their strength due to exposure to UV light

Elastin

Gives skin flexibility and elasticity

Sudoriferous Gland

(Swaet glands) Excretes sweat to regulate body temp and eliminate waste products

Sebaceous Glands

Also known as oil glands, secretes oil to lubricate skin

Vitamin A

Improves elasticity and thickness

Vitamin C

Promotes collagen in dermal tissues

Vitamin D

Enables body to absorb and use calcium

Water

Makes up to 50-70% of body’s weight and is necessary for virtually every function of the cells and body