Respiratory system

what are the respiratory passage ways?

nasal cavity & nasopharynx or Oral cavity

oropharynx

laryngopharynx

larynx

trachea

how many lobes to each lung have?

right - 3 lobes

left - 2 lobes, cardiac notch

what is the basic respiratory tube Mucosal layer?

epithelial layer - ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

submucosal - loose CT

what is the basic reparatory tube tunica media?

fibromusculocartilaginea layer

smooth muscle with dense irreg. ct worked in

has hyaline cartilage rings with openings

why do the respiratory tubes need cartilage?

so they doesn't collapse since they do not have fluid holding it open.

what is the tunica adventitia of the reparatory tubes?

dense irreg. CT

what is the structure of the different parts of the larynx?

thyroid cartilage: hyaline cartilage

cricoid cartilage: hyaline cartilage

arytenoid cartilage: hyland cartilage

epiglottis: elastic cartigale

what does the muscles in the larynx do?

skeletal muscle (voluntary) they move the arytenoid cartilage around

what does the vocal ligament attach to? what tissue is it?

the arytenoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage, dense irregular CT

what are vocal folds?

continuations of the mucosa layer of the respiratory system that flap over the vocal ligaments and then continue through the larynx

what is the epithelium layer of the different parts of the repertory system?

any where that food can tough -stratified squamous epithelium

anywhere food cannot touch - psuedostrafied columnar epithelium

what is the Rima glottidis?

the gap that is between the two vocal fold than can be enlarged or made smaller in order to produce sound

how is sound produced in the larynx?

1. arytenoids cartilage forms a mobile synovial joint with cricoid cartilage

2. skeletal mucles attatch to and move the aritenoid cartilage

3. aritenoid cartilage attatch to the vocal folds and ligaments

what is the structure of the trachea?

mucosa - epilthelial layer: psuedostratidied columnar + submucosa: dense irreg CT.

media- fibromuscularlaginous layer: Trachial cratilage: hyaline cartilage, trachialis muscle: smooth muscle, anular ligament: dense ireegular connective tissue

adventitial layer- dense irreg. CT

what is the anular ligament?

attaches the cartilage rings to each other in the trachea

what are the bronchioles?

they branch off of segmental bronchus and has cartilage plates instead of rings and smooth muscle around the entire tubes

what is the respiratory tree from trunk to branches?

trachea

principle bronchus

lobar bronchus

segmental bronchus

bronchiole

alveolar duct

alveolar saccule

pulmonary alveolus

what is the structure and function of the alveolar duct? what tissue?

just simple squamous epithelium that connects the alveolar saccule to the bronchiole

what are the different circulatory vessels for the avolear sacks?

pulmonary artrioles

pulmonary capillaries

pulmonary venules