anatomy hesi

Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system?

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium

Left ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium

Right ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium

Right ventricle, aorta, systemic circuit, vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium

Where is the popliteal artery located?

Behind the knee

Below the jaw line between the trachea and sternomastoid muscle

Near the top of the cubital fossa

On the underside of the wrist

Behind the knee

A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of ____________.

unnecessary blood clotting

extensive bleeding

inability to fight infection

fatigue and shortness of breath

extensive bleeding

Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes?

Lysosomes

Golgi bodies

Ribosomes

Mitochondria

Lysosomes

What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur?

The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow

The formation of bile; Liver

The formation of white blood cells; Spleen

The formation of red blood cells; Heart

The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow

Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal?

Oral cavity

Stomach

Esophagus

Small intestine

Oral cavity

What is the purpose of gastric mucous?

To trap waste products to be turned into fecal matter.

To prevent pathogens from being absorbed by the stomach lining and into the bloodstream.

To help break down fibrous foods.

To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes.

To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes.

What is the function of endocrine glands?

They transmit nerve impulses between parts of the body.

They secrete hormones directly into the blood.

They secrete products directly into a duct that carries the products to where they are needed.

They are a group of cells that respond to specific hormones.

They secrete hormones directly into the blood.

What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate?

Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing anteriorly

Which of the following is defined as “a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that carry out a specific function together?”

Tissues

Which organelle is responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the cell?

Cell membrane

A patient who is on a plant-based diet complains that their skin is appearing to take on a yellowish color. Which of the following foods would you expect the patient to have eaten a large amount of?

Carrots

Which of the following glands secrete earwax?

Ceruminous

Which of the following types of cancer would present warning signs that are identified using the ABCDE method?

Melanoma

Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg?

Vastus lateralis

Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?

Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down

Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system?

Urethra

The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions?

Pelvic

Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles?

Lactic acid

The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint?

Ball-and-socket

The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones?

Radius and ulna

Which bones form via intramembranous ossification?

The flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and clavicles

Which of the following is not a bone of the lower extremities?

Ulna

A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn?

Ligament

Which of the following is found in the head region?

Pituitary gland

Which of the following is the most proximal bone of the upper limb?

Humerus

The lungs are __________ to the heart.

Lateral

Which of the following is not a function of the integumentary system?

Blood sugar regulation

Which of the following statements about the skin is correct?

The dermis is deep and has 2 layers

Which of the following is not found in the epidermis?

Blood vessels

The layer of skin that contains a high number of blood vessels, as well as elastic and collagen fibers is the ___________

Dermis

Which of the following is not found in the dermis?

Langerhan cells

Which of the following correctly describes the functions of the epidermis?

Physical barrier, biological barrier and waterproofing

Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from the deepest to the most superficial layer

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Which layer of the epidermis contains flattened polygonal cells?

Stratum granulosum

Which part of the skin contains melanocytes?

Stratum germinativum

What connects the skin to the superficial muscles?

Hypodermis

Apocrine sweat glands_______

become active during puberty

What is the function of the ceruminous gland?

To protect the outer ear

Sebaceous glands are absent in the ____

Palms

A doctor examining whether a mole has transformed into a melanoma checks for the following:

Asymmetry, border, color, diameter and evolution

People with albinism are prone to skin cancer because _______

they lack melanin

Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

Protection

Which of the following includes some of the functions of the skeletal system?

Support, Movement, Hematopoiesis, Mineral storage, Fat storage

Which of the following structure is correctly matched to its description?

Joint – Point of attachment for muscles

Tendon – Connective tissue which attaches a muscle to a ligament

Cartilage – Connective tissue found between bones in a joint

Ligament – Connective tissue which attaches a muscle to a bone

Cartilage – Connective tissue found between bones in a joint

____________ is a connective tissue that joins two bones

Ligament

Which type of bone has a diaphysis and two epiphyses?

Long bone

Bones embedded within tendons are called?

Sesamoid bone

Which of the following is an example of an irregular bone?

Vertebra

A rib is an example of a(n)  ______

Flat bone

Which of the following correctly describes spongy bone?

A Meshwork of plates that contains lamellae and osteocytes between each layer

The shaft of a long bone is called _____

Diaphysis

Which of the following correctly describes the epiphysis?

Extremity of a long bone

Cells responsible for forming new bones are called ______________

Osteoblast

Osteocytes are __________

Inactive mature bone cells

Which of the following group of bones is a part of the axial skeleton?

Sternum, vertebra, ribs, skull

Which of the following represents the correct order of vertebrae from superior to inferior?

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx

How many vertebrae make up the cervical vertebrae

7

Which system is responsible for receiving information from the environment; processing and integrating the information; initiating a response?

Nervous system