EOH 353 Summer Week 5 - Food Quality, Radiation, and Noise Pollution

A comprehensive set of practice flashcards covering food safety, radiation exposure, and noise pollution based on the EOH 353 Week 5 study guide.

Food Defect Action Levels

Federal regulations set to manage contaminants in food quality.

FDA

The federal agency responsible for regulating food additives and contaminants.

Tolerance levels

The regulatory approach used by the government to manage pesticide levels on agricultural products.

Delaney Clause

A provision that prohibits the use of carcinogenic food additives.

Sulfiting compounds

Food additives that are safe for most consumers but can trigger serious allergic reactions in a minority.

1996 Food Quality Protection Act

Legislation mandate that pesticide tolerance levels be evaluated with specific consideration for children's safety.

Hormone-treated meat

A controversial food product that is a major point of debate between the U.S. and the European Union.

Water hemlock

The plant species responsible for the highest number of fatal poisonings due to misidentification.

Ciguatoxin

A poison found in several fish species, including Barracuda and red snapper.

Scombroid

A type of food poisoning caused by consuming tuna fish that were not properly chilled after being caught.

Paralytic shellfish poisoning

A condition targeted by rigorous shellfish sanitation and inspection programs to prevent outbreaks.

Tapeworm and roundworm infections

A food quality problem that is increasingly common among people who consume sushi and ceviche.

Campylobacter

A foodborne illness where chicken and turkey are the leading causes of infection.

Cattle manure

The identified source of $E.\text{ }coli\text{ O157:H7}$ organisms on food products.

Staphylococcus intoxication

The bacterial foodborne disease characterized by the most rapid onset of symptoms.

Arthritis

A chronic health problem that can develop as a result of a salmonellosis infection.

Botulism

The foodborne disease with the highest mortality rate.

Staphylococcus aureus

A foodborne disease organism that can be transmitted through sneeze droplets or pus.

Listeriosis

A foodborne disease caused by an agent that multiplies rapidly at low temperatures and is particularly dangerous for pregnant women.

Botulinum

The most toxic substance known to science.

Danger zone

The temperature range between $41^\text{o}\text{F}$ and $140^\text{o}\text{F}$ where food-poisoning bacteria thrive.

Cross-contamination

The term used for the transmission of pathogens from one food item to another.

Ionizing radiation

A form of radiation more damaging to living organisms than non-ionizing radiation due to its ability to destroy chemical bonds.

Alpha particles

A health threat that occurs only when taken internally via inhalation, ingestion, or through open wounds.

Cigarettes

The most significant source of radiation exposure among all consumer products.

Sieverts or rems

The units used to measure radiation damage in human tissue.

High-level radiation exposure

Radiation levels classified as $1\text{ Sv}$ ($100\text{ rems}$) or higher.

Core meltdown

The most severe type of accident that can occur at a nuclear power plant.

WIPP

The disposal site for plutonium waste generated during the production of nuclear weapons.

UVB

The specific region of ultraviolet radiation responsible for causing sunburn.

Microwaves

Radiation that produces heat by increasing the rate of molecular vibration in absorbing materials.

Leukemia

The form of cancer most frequently associated with exposure to ionizing radiation.

Decibels ($\text{dB}$)

The unit of measurement for noise levels.

Hertz ($\text{Hz}$)

The standard unit for measuring the frequency of sound.

Frequency

The term used to describe the rate of vibration of a sound.

Amplitude

The term used to describe the intensity of sound.

85 dB

The level of noise exposure at which permanent hearing impairment can occur.

Organ of Corti

The structure in the inner ear containing hair cells that are damaged by excessive noise.

Tinnitus

A hearing condition characterized by a ringing or buzzing sensation.