History Final Study Guide

What is the most important type of primary source?

written records

What is the name of the command for man to control the earth by exercising dominion over it?

Creation Mandate

Which of the following is not one of three steps the historian goes through to compile his record?

collection of historical resources

Who were the first people to live in cities?

Cainites

What term refers to a rule by a few?

Oligarchy

The basic political unit of Greece was the

polis

What term refers to a rule by the people?

democracy

What term refers to a rule by one?

monarchy

What term refers to a rule by force?

tyranny

Which of the following would not represent citizenship in Japan during this time period?

democracy.

What was the native religion of Japan?

Shintoism

Japanese warriors were called

samurai

What was the basic social, religious, and political unit in early Japanese society?

clan

Which of the following was not an achievement of the Tang dynasty?

conquering Korea

What became the leading class in Japanese society?

warrior

What was the official religion of the Tang dynasty?

Taoism

Which of the following was not an achievement of the Song dynasty?

political strength

The growth of towns brought about the emergence of what new social class?

middle class

Near the end of the Middle Ages, what institutions became the places of learning?

universities

What political entity involved an independent king who ruled a group of people having common interests?

nation-state

What was the name for a group of merchants who banded together to protect their interests within a town?

guild

Art and architecture of the Middle Ages were most influenced by the

church

The primary centers of education during the early Middle Ages were

cathedrals and monasteries

Which of the following was not true about the Crusades?

The early Crusades weakened the papacy

What was the period called in which the papacy did not reside in Rome?

Babylonian captivity

The War of Roses were what type of war?

civil

In which country was absolitism defeated?

England

Which document made it illegal for the government to arbitrarily hold someone in jail?

Habeas Corpus Act

The eighteenth-century intellectual movement is known as the

enlightenment

Who originally proposed the heliocentric theory?

Copernicus

Who discovered the chemical substances of ammonia, oxygen, and carbon dioxide?

Priestly

Which of the following is not true concerning the eighteenth-century philosophers?

They respected church tradition

Who devised a way to map the earth on a flat surface?

Mercator

The seventeenth and eighteenth exaltation of reason is known as the

Age of Reason

Civil authority for the Plymouth Colony was established by the

Mayflower Compact

The basic difference between the American and French Revolution is that the American movement

was conservative; the French radical

The purpose of the Reign of Terror was to get rid of

opposition to the revolution

Napoleon’s accomplishments included all the following except

the establishment of the republic

Which of the following nations was not part of the Quadruple Alliance?

Sweden

The architect of German unification was

Otto von Bismarck

What terms is defined as doing whatever is necessary to advance national goals”?

realpolitik

Who was the first emperor of unified Germany?

Wilhelm I

What cultural movement gave literary and artistic expression to the concepts,” Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”?

romanticism

The Industrial Revolution had its start in what industry?

textile

All the following contributed to the tremendous industrial growth in Europe and American between 1870 and 1914 except

custom-made parts

What brought workers, raw materials, and machinery under one roof?

factory system

The man who was responsible for an inexpensive and efficient process for making steel was

Henry Bessemer

Who founded the Salvation Army?

William Booth

Which of the following land acquisitions doubled the size of the United States

Louisiana Purchase

Most of Australia’s original settlers were

convicts

What terms best describes US foreign policy form the time of Washington to World War 1

isolationism

Britain gained Canada as a result of a war with

France

The first major international conflict after the defeat of Napoleon was the

Crimean War

The most positive result of imperialism was the

missionary outreach

Which American opened Japan’s doors to trade with the United States

Matthew Perry

What was the name of President Roosevelt’s plan to end the Great Depression?

New Deal

What occurred in October 1929?

The American stock market collapsed

Which US president received most of the blame for the Depression?

Herbert Hoover

According to Mein Kampf, what group of people was to blame for Germany’s problems?

Jews

What political party in Germany did the Nazis blame for the Reichstag fire?

Communists

The Facist Party was founded by

Benito Mussolini

During World War II, the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan was known as the

Axis

Which Jewish concentration camp was the largest?

Auschwitz

What was the turning point of the Pacific War for the Americans?

the Battle of Midway

Who was the Japanese military leader during World War II

Hideki Tojo

“A date which will live in infamy” refers to an attack on

Pearl Harbor

Where was the second atomic bomb dropped?

Nagasaki

The island hopping technique was successful because

American troops simply bypassed Japanese troops on islands that would not make good air bases

The purpose of NATO was

to unite Western defenses in Europe against Soviet expression

What began in 1949 when the Soviets developed their first atomic bomb?

arms race

The immediate cause of the Korean War was the

North Korean invasion of South Korea

After an attack on American warships in the Gulf of Tonkin, Congress effectively authorized the president to fight a war in

Vietnam

Which of the following was not a result of the Korean War

Communists were humiliated and did not try to take any more land anywhere

What president brought renewed confidence and hopes to America in the 1980s by reducing government regulations and lowering taxes?

Ronald Reagan

Brexit refers to

the decision of Britain to leave the EU

What was the purpose of the 2003 American invasion of Iraq?

to remove Saddam Hussein from power

Kim Jong Un is the ruthless dictator of

North Korea

What country did Iraq invade in August 1990

Kuwait

Why have many African countries suffered civil wars?

Ethnic loyalties supersede national unity

A major reason for migration from the Middle East to Western Europe has been the

Syrian civil war

Legends, religious beliefs, and social customs are examples of

tradition

What geographic factor helped preserve the monuments, the documents, and the bodies of ancient Egyptian rulers?

the desert

Sumerian temple towers were called

ziggurats

The first people known to have a solar calendrer were the

Egyptians

Which period of Egyptian history is known as “The Age of the Pharaohs”

Old Kingdom

Which two rivers cradled the first civilizations

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

What group of people was favored in Egyptian society but not in many of the other ancient civilizations?

women

The Chaldeans can also be called the

Babylonians

The sacred writings of Zoroastrianism are called the

Avesta

Purple dye and cedar trees were tow valuable natural resources of the

Phonecians

The Persians ruled the ancient world until the arrival of

Alexander the Great

The dispersion, or scattering, of the Jews is known as

Diaspora

The Law of Twelve Tables was important primarly because it

was the first Roman law that was written down

The victory of Sulla in the first civil war increased the power of the

Senate

What culture greatly influenced Roman culture?

Greek

The first official Roman persecution of Christianity began under the emperor

Nero

At what council was Christ’s deity affirmed

Nicaea

Who established the Mauryan Empire

Chandragupta

Which of the following was not a cultural accomplishment of Aksum?

moveable type

Which of the following was not a cultural achievement of China during this period?

smelted iron