AP U.S. HISTORY SECOND SEMESTER FINAL REVIEW 2025

(Guilted Age- late 1870s to early 1900s) What tragic event could be used to highlight the dangers of unsafe working conditions during the Gilded Age?

The Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire , tragic fire occurred at nyc 1911

(Guilted Age- late 1870s to early 1900s) Who was the most famous Boss of this time period?

William Tweed “boss” of Tammany Hall, major role in NY politics

(Guilted Age- late 1870s to early 1900s) What was the "Cult of Domesticity"?

Ideology of feline behavior and ideal of womanliness

(PROGRESSIVE PERIOD/WORLD WAR I) For what third party was Theodore Roosevelt the Presidential candidate in 1912? Who did he run against?

Progressive Party, Woodrow Wilson- democratic candidate

(PROGRESSIVE PERIOD/WORLD WAR I) Who was the candidate who ran for President as a Socialist in the early 1900s? He even ran from jail?

Eugene V. Debs

(PROGRESSIVE PERIOD/WORLD WAR I) What President had the slogan "Walk softly and carry a big stick?"

Theodore Roosevelt

(PROGRESSIVE PERIOD/WORLD WAR I) What explosion caused the Spanish-American War?

Maine is remembered for exploding in Havana harbor on 15 February 1898. The death of 260 crewmen and officers would be tragedy enough, but the explosion also sparked the Spanish-American War and all of its consequences, including the U.S. colonization of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

(PROGRESSIVE PERIOD/WORLD WAR I) Who was President during the Spanish-American War?

William McKinley

(PROGRESSIVE PERIOD/WORLD WAR I) What was the addition to the Monroe Doctrine saying the U.S would interfere in South America for domestic issues??

Roosevelt added the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine in 1904, asserting the right of the U.S. to intervene in Latin America in cases of "flagrant and chronic wrongdoing by a Latin American Nation" to preempt intervention by European creditors.

1920) What invention transformed American dating rituals?

The automobile, by providing young people with a new sense of freedom and mobility, allowing them to escape parental supervision and engage in more unsupervised socializing.

1920) Who were the women who "bobbed" their hair and wore short skirts in the 20s?

Young women challenged norms by becoming Flappers

1920) What was the Lost Generation? Give examples.

The disillusionment after the Great War was apparent in the writings of the Lost generation. They shared the alienation of the time period. Writers such as: Fiscott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis, Ezra Pound, T.S . Eliot, Eugene O’Neil

1920) Who was the pilot hero of the 20s?

Charles Lindbergh an aviator who flew nonstop across Atlantic from Long Island to Paris in 1927. He was also involved with the most famous kidnapping and investigation of the time when his 20 month old son was kidnapped

1920) Who was the famous flower painter?

Georgia O’Keeffe

1920) What was the scandal of the Harding Administration? What was it about?

The Teapot Sandal involves secretary of interior Albert Fall allowing drilling on naval oil reserves in Wyoming. He had been taking bribes

(1920) What was the outcome of the Scopes Trial?

Scopes was found guilty and fined $100. This was eventually overturned. In 1968 the Supreme Court ruled that laws against teaching evolution were illegal

(GREAT DEPRESSION/NEW DEAL) When did the stock market crash?

October 29, 1929. “Black Tuesday”

(GREAT DEPRESSION/NEW DEAL) What did the New Deal do? What did it NOT do?

RELIEF AND RECOVERY, New Deal did not immediately and completely resolve the Great Depression. While it provided relief and created jobs, unemployment remained high and the stock market didn't return to pre-Depression levels. Some New Deal programs, like the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), were later declared unconstitutional. Furthermore, the New Deal was criticized for its perceived overreach and for not adequately addressing the economic problems of the Depression

(GREAT DEPRESSION/NEW DEAL) What was Roosevelt's plan to add justices to the Supreme Court? Why did he want to do this?

court-packing" plan in 1937, aiming to add more justices to the Supreme Court to help ensure favorable rulings on his New Deal legislation. He wanted to do this because the Court had declared several New Deal programs unconstitutional, hindering his ability to address the Great Depression. Specifically, the plan would have allowed him to appoint an additional justice for each justice over 70, with a maximum of six new appointments

WWII) When was the attack on Pearl Harbor?

Dec. 7, 1941, Japan launched a surprise attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

WWII) When did the U.S. drop the atomic bomb on Japan?

The first atomic bomb, named Little Boy, was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945.

WWII) What fictional character encouraged women to work during WWII?

Rosie the Riveter

WWII) What General was ordered to leave the Philippines before they were taken by Japan?

General Douglas MacArthur, under orders from Roosevelt, secretly left the Philippines

WWII) What major issue caused the strain between the allies?

Tensions between the United States and its unlikely ally in the Soviet Union persisted throughout World War II.

(WWII) How could Americans help on the homefront during WWII?

rationing goods, growing victory gardens, collecting scrap metal, and purchasing war bonds

(COLD WAR) Who said the American Government was full of spies?

Joseph MaCarthy

(COLD WAR) What was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?

In 1965, gave LBJ a “blank check” to take all necessary measures to protect American lives and interest

(COLD WAR) What was the name of the first artificial satellite launched into Space by the Soviets? How did we react?

WHEN THE SOVIET UNION LAUNCHED SPUTNIK, THE FIRST ARTIFICIAL SATELLITE TO ORBIT THE EARTH, THE U.S. REALIZED THE EXTENT OF SOVIET TECHNOLOGY. ONCE AGAIN, AMERICANS FREAKED OUT... WE BEGAN MASSIVE EDUCATIONAL PUSHES IN Math and science 1957

(COLD WAR) What act gives the President 60 days to remove troops if he does not obtain Congressional approval within 48 hours of deploying troops?

The War Papers

(CIVIL RIGHTS) What were segregation laws known as?

Jim Crow laws

(CIVIL RIGHTS) Who were the Little Rock 9?

The media coined the name “Little Rock Nine" to identify the first African American students to desegregate Little Rock Central High School.

(CIVIL RIGHTS) Who was President when the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 were signed?

LBJ

13th amendment

Abolition of Slavery

14th amendment

Citizenship rights, equal protection, apportionment, civil war debt

15th amendment

Right to vote not denied by race

17th amendment

Popular election of senators

18th amendment

Prohibition of liquor

19th amendment

Women’s right to vote

21st amendment

Repeal of prohibition

25th amendment

Presidential disability and sucessions

26th amendment

Right to vote at 18

What was Title IX?

prohibits sex discrimination in educational programs and activities receiving federal financial assistance

Who were Sonya Sotomayor?

the first Hispanic and the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court

Sandra Day O'Conner?

first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States. Ronal Reagan

Bill gates

worldwide leader in business and personal software and services.

Robert Johnson

master of the blues, particularly the Delta blues style, and as one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century

Lionel Sosa

founder of Sosa, Bromley, Aguilar & Associates

What was the purpose of the US Patriot Act of 2001?

enhance law enforcement and intelligence capabilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. fight, limit, and reduce terrorism in the United States

What were the major pieces of legislation during the Obama administration?

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and Tax Relief

What compounded the damage by Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans.

failure of the city's levee system, inadequate design, and insufficient maintenance of the flood protection infrastructure

Define GATT

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade is the foundational agreement reached between many countries after World War II to reduce tariffs, quotas, and other barriers to trade

Define NAFTA

North American Free Trade Agreement is a trade agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States designed to eliminate trade barriers, promote economic cooperation, and increase trade and investment among the three countries.

Plessy V. Ferguson

established the "separate but equal" doctrine, which allowed racial segregation in public accommodations as long as facilities for different races were considered equal

Loving V. Virginia

struck down state laws banning marriage between individuals of different races

Gore V. Bush

the Supreme Court of the United States reversed an order by the Florida Supreme Court for a selective manual recount of that state’s U.S. presidential election ballots

Tinker V. Desmoines

cemented students' rights to free speech in public schools.

Edgewood ISD v. Kirby

changed Texas's public school finance system by declaring the existing reliance on local property taxes unconstitutional due to resulting inequities between wealthy and poor school districts.May 4, 2025

Brown V. Board

separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional

Swann V. Charlotte Mecklinburg

racial segregation in public schools violated the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution

Hernandez v. Texas

expose the systematic exclusion of Mexican Americans from jury service in over 70 Texas counties

Delgado v. Bastrop ISD

ending legal segregation of Mexican Americans in Texas

Sweat v. Painter

established that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited the Texas university from rejecting applicants on the basis of race

What previous event that was embarrassing for the United States was referenced several times in Seal Team Six?

The Raid on Osama Bin Laden was the failed mission known as Operation Eagle Claw

What was the plan to prove that Bin Laden was in the compound, or at least his relatives were?

revolved around collecting DNA samples.

What happened to one of the helicopters in seal team 6

the insurgents fired on the helicopter and it crashed to the ground, killing all aboard