Human Developmental Quiz 1-3 Questions
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46 Terms
Why do neonates have a highly flexed posture?
Highly cramped intra-uterine environment
2 multiple choice options
Which of the following forms of creeping/crawling will require the MOST postural control, coordination, and strength?
Prone locomotion in which the child is in a quadruped position on hands and knees
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following BEST describes how pluripotent stem cells differ from totipotent stem cells?
Pluripotent stem cells cannot form placental cells
3 multiple choice options
The APTA emphasizes the importance of understanding the movement system to improve physical function.
True
1 multiple choice option
Mr. Jones is a 35 year old man who works full time as a tailor. He had a left ACL repair surgery 2 days ago. Which of the following BEST describe possible disabilities he may be experiencing?
All of the provided responses
3 multiple choice options
Which term BEST describes the developing organism from fertilization until end of the 8th week and is characterized by rapid growth, development of organism's organ systems and primary external features?
Embryo
3 multiple choice options
All of the following is/are characteristics of initial reaching attempts, EXCEPT
Controlled by visual input
2 multiple choice options
Vernix caseosa
Contributes to fetal thermoregulation within uterine environment
3 multiple choice options
Alice is a 28 year old woman who has cancer and has been receiving cycles of chemotherapy treatment for the last 2 years. During this time, she became pregnant and gave birth to a baby boy by with meromelia and hearing loss. The partial absence of the baby's right lower leg at birth is considered _______ and most likely occurred during _____ of ______ development.
Structural damage; weeks 4-6; embryonic
3 multiple choice options
How might having a center of mass that is positioned more cephalic than adults effect infants when first learning to stand independently?
Infants will "tip over" easily
3 multiple choice options
What common issue might arise in premature infants due to low muscle tone?
Increased risk of developmental delays
3 multiple choice options
During week 3, which structures of the developing embryo does the adult spinal cord form from?
Neural Tube
2 multiple choice options
All of the following will (typically) help soothe a neonate, EXCEPT
Bright lights
3 multiple choice options
Early therapeutic intervention for premature infants will facilitate
All of the provided responses
3 multiple choice options
What is the primary purpose of tummy time for infants?
To strengthen neck and shoulder muscles
3 multiple choice options
During month 6 of fetal development, _____ is secreted which promotes pulmonary compliance, preventing collapse of the lungs; it is a primary determinant for survivability if an infant is born premature
Surfactant
2 multiple choice options
What does practice reaching for objects promote?
Improved hand-eye coordination
3 multiple choice options
Jane is a 12 year old middle-school student and soccer player who has cystic fibrosis. She has been admitted to the hospital you work at for routine testing. The clinical characteristics of cystic fibrosus include: production of thick and sticky mucus secretions, breathlessness, decreased ability to exercise, osteoporosis, and electrolyte imbalance. Jane reports only being able to run for short periods of time while playing soccer and having difficulty keeping up with classmates on school field trips. Which of the following BEST describe possible activity limitations for Jane?
Difficulty running, limited standing tolerance
3 multiple choice options
Alan is a 65 year old male with a diagnosis of cerebellar stroke. He show the following motor symptoms associated with cerebellar stroke: lack of postural control, incoordination, vertigo, difficulty speaking and swallowing. What embryonic secondary vesicle of the neural tube does the cerebrum originate from?
Metencephalon
3 multiple choice options
In Parkinson's Disease, death of dopaminergic neurons occurs, resulting in motor impairments. Which of the following structures contains dopaminergic neurons, originates from the mesencephalon vesicle, and facilitates postural ability?
Substantia nigra
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is TRUE of cerebrospinal fluid?
It acts as cushion for the brain within skull
2 multiple choice options
What is an important benefit of having cerebral hemispheres with many fissures and sulci?
Increased brains surface area enables receipt and processing of afferent and efferent information
3 multiple choice options
What reflex occurs when stroking the foot results in toe extension in infants?
Babinski reflex
3 multiple choice options
What structures will the alar and basal plates of the neural tube primarily develop into?
Sensory and motor neurons
3 multiple choice options
What brain structure is primarily responsible for emotional regulation?
Limbic system
2 multiple choice options
What role does thyroid hormone play during prenatal development?
Facilitates neuron migration
3 multiple choice options
In terms of age-related cognitive decline, which type of intelligence typically declines with increasing age?
Fluid intelligence
3 multiple choice options
What type of reaction is the Moro reflex characterized by?
Arm extensions followed by adduction when the infant feels a sensation of falling
3 multiple choice options
The process during neural development is primarily characterized by the creation of numerous synapses:
Synaptogenesis
3 multiple choice options
During which period does the majority of myelination in the brain occur?
Early childhood
3 multiple choice options
What is primary purpose of reflex arc?
Facilitate rapid, automatic responses to stimuli
3 multiple choice options
What type of neurons are primarily responsible for the voluntary control of muscles?
Upper motor neurons
3 multiple choice options
Overlap of dermatomes
Results in no specific area(s) of skin being exclusively innervated by a single segmental nerve
3 multiple choice options
Tallpes equinovarus is considered a polygenic multifactorial abnormality. Which of the following BEST describes how a polygenic multifactorial abnormality occurs?
Requires: Interaction between alterations in genetic structure and presence of environmental factors
3 multiple choice options
The first division of somites results in two distinct regions __1___ and __2___. The __2__ further divides into our __3___ and __4___, which gives rise to our __5__ and __6___, respectively.
1. Sclerotome
2. Dermomytome
3. Dermatome
4. Myotome
5. Skin
6. Muscles
2 multiple choice options
Rotation of the extremities during embryonic development results in:
- Upper extremity extensor muscles lie on the posterolateral aspects of the upper limbs
- Lower extremity flexor muscles lie on the posterior aspect of the lower limbs
1 multiple choice option
Limb buds form PRIMARILY from what layer of the trilaminar disc?
Mesoderm
2 multiple choice options
Which of the following is/are considered normal physical changes across the lifespan?
All of the provided responses
3 multiple choice options
With aging how are power, strength, and male/female related?
Power declines at a faster rate than strength; decline is greater in males than females
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following BEST describes endochondral ossification for formation of long bones?
Mesenchyme forms cartilage which ossifies
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between males/females and growth during puberty?
Males typically begin puberty after females and have a longer pubertal growth spurt
3 multiple choice options
Hypaxial myotomes
Form flexor muscles of thorax, flexor and extensor muscles of extremities
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following BEST describes portions of notochord that persist beyond embryonic development?
Nucleus Pulposis
3 multiple choice options
All of the following contribute to growth of muscles and long bones during early childhood, EXCEPT
Muscle pulls on bones, causing decreased bone mineral content
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following BEST describes formation of long bones at 5 weeks gestation?
Mineralization of chondrocytes formed from mesenchyme will allow blood vessels to carry osteoblasts to center of diaphysis
3 multiple choice options
All of the following is/are reasons for increased risk of fracture at growth plates for children EXCEPT
Tissues surrounding growth plates are weaker than the growth plates
3 multiple choice options